英語四級真題閱讀長難句的分析（十八）
69. Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centers.
【分析】本句為并列句。句子主干為Not only has the highway system affected the economy, it has led to the growth。not only but also 句型屬并列結(jié)構(gòu)，意為 不僅 而且 ，but also 可以省略。 not only 在句首，句子謂語要用部分倒裝語序。
【譯文】公路系統(tǒng)不但通過提供運(yùn)輸路線影響美國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，還帶動(dòng)了一批諸如加油站、汽車旅館、酒店、購物中心等相關(guān)行業(yè)的發(fā)展。
70. An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices.
【分析】 本句為簡單句。句子主干為mother has abilities and faces choices。on the other hand是插入結(jié)構(gòu)，分隔了主語和謂語，意為 另一方面 。
【譯文】從另一方面來講，一位受過教育的母親，有更多在外賺錢的本事，并且能面對一系列完全不同的選擇。
71. His results, to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists.
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為 results have surprised psychologists。to be presented in April 是不定式短語作定語，修飾 results。
【譯文】他的研究結(jié)果令一些心理學(xué)家非常吃驚，他將在四月份奧地利維也納舉行的人機(jī)互動(dòng)交流大會(huì)上為大家展現(xiàn)。
72. And economics, with its emphasis on incentives，provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education.
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。句子主干為economics provides guideposts。介詞短語 with its emphasis on incentives 是 economics 的伴隨狀語，分隔了主句的主語和謂語。that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾 guideposts。why引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作 explanation for 的賓語。
【譯文】因?yàn)楸旧韽?qiáng)調(diào)激勵(lì)作用，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)對于大多數(shù)女孩被剝奪受教育權(quán)利的原因作出了解釋。
73. Many in-home jobs that used to be done primarily by women ranging from family shopping to preparing meals to doing voluntary work still need to be done by someone.
【分析】 本句為復(fù)合句。句子主干為 jobs need to be done。 that 引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾 jobs。 ranging from to voluntary work 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，也修飾 jobs。
【譯文】許多過去主要由婦女做的家務(wù)活，例如購物、準(zhǔn)備晚飯、做義務(wù)家務(wù)，現(xiàn)在仍然需要有人完成。
69. Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centers.
【分析】本句為并列句。句子主干為Not only has the highway system affected the economy, it has led to the growth。not only but also 句型屬并列結(jié)構(gòu)，意為 不僅 而且 ，but also 可以省略。 not only 在句首，句子謂語要用部分倒裝語序。
【譯文】公路系統(tǒng)不但通過提供運(yùn)輸路線影響美國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，還帶動(dòng)了一批諸如加油站、汽車旅館、酒店、購物中心等相關(guān)行業(yè)的發(fā)展。
70. An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices.
【分析】 本句為簡單句。句子主干為mother has abilities and faces choices。on the other hand是插入結(jié)構(gòu)，分隔了主語和謂語，意為 另一方面 。
【譯文】從另一方面來講，一位受過教育的母親，有更多在外賺錢的本事，并且能面對一系列完全不同的選擇。
71. His results, to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists.
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為 results have surprised psychologists。to be presented in April 是不定式短語作定語，修飾 results。
【譯文】他的研究結(jié)果令一些心理學(xué)家非常吃驚，他將在四月份奧地利維也納舉行的人機(jī)互動(dòng)交流大會(huì)上為大家展現(xiàn)。
72. And economics, with its emphasis on incentives，provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education.
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。句子主干為economics provides guideposts。介詞短語 with its emphasis on incentives 是 economics 的伴隨狀語，分隔了主句的主語和謂語。that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾 guideposts。why引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作 explanation for 的賓語。
【譯文】因?yàn)楸旧韽?qiáng)調(diào)激勵(lì)作用，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)對于大多數(shù)女孩被剝奪受教育權(quán)利的原因作出了解釋。
73. Many in-home jobs that used to be done primarily by women ranging from family shopping to preparing meals to doing voluntary work still need to be done by someone.
【分析】 本句為復(fù)合句。句子主干為 jobs need to be done。 that 引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾 jobs。 ranging from to voluntary work 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，也修飾 jobs。
【譯文】許多過去主要由婦女做的家務(wù)活，例如購物、準(zhǔn)備晚飯、做義務(wù)家務(wù)，現(xiàn)在仍然需要有人完成。
