Water problems in the future will become more intense and more complex. Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes, primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decrease substantially the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will produce larger volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever-increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals. From this, it is apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem.

　　將來水的問題會變得更加尖銳復(fù)雜。不斷增長的人口將大量增加城市廢物，主要是生活污水。另一方面，用水需求的不斷增長將使得可用于稀釋廢水的水量大大減少。快速發(fā)展的工業(yè)越來越多地采用各種復(fù)雜 的化學(xué)方法，從而使廢水大量增多，而很多廢水中含有種種有害的化學(xué) 物質(zhì)。為了養(yǎng)活迅速增長的人口，農(nóng)業(yè)必須集約化，這就會不斷增加農(nóng) 用化學(xué)品的用量。由此看來，必須立即采取果斷行動研究污染問題的整治措施。

There are two ways by which the pollution problem can be dwindled. The first relates to the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid wastes prior to disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or effluents, to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal.

整治污染問題的方法有兩種。第一種是通過廢物處理減少污染的危害，包括固體廢物排放? 之前?的處理和液體廢物或污水的處理，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)水的循環(huán)利用或者盡量降低最終排放前的污染程度。

A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement. Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Effluents from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are exploring potential economic uses

第二種方法是開發(fā)全部或部分廢物的經(jīng)濟(jì)利用。農(nóng)田中施用農(nóng)家肥 補(bǔ)充肥分或有機(jī)肥。有些地區(qū)使用污水處理廠排放的污水進(jìn)行灌溉施肥。其他水處理廠排出的廢水也可用作補(bǔ)充水源。現(xiàn)在，禽肉加工等許 多行業(yè)正在把原先廢棄的下腳料加工成可供出售的副產(chǎn)品，其他行業(yè)也在研究廢棄物的經(jīng)濟(jì)利用可能途徑。

　　Water problems in the future will become more intense and more complex. Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes, primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decrease substantially the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will produce larger volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever-increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals. From this, it is apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem.

　　將來水的問題會變得更加尖銳復(fù)雜。不斷增長的人口將大量增加城市廢物，主要是生活污水。另一方面，用水需求的不斷增長將使得可用于稀釋廢水的水量大大減少。快速發(fā)展的工業(yè)越來越多地采用各種復(fù)雜 的化學(xué)方法，從而使廢水大量增多，而很多廢水中含有種種有害的化學(xué) 物質(zhì)。為了養(yǎng)活迅速增長的人口，農(nóng)業(yè)必須集約化，這就會不斷增加農(nóng) 用化學(xué)品的用量。由此看來，必須立即采取果斷行動研究污染問題的整治措施。

There are two ways by which the pollution problem can be dwindled. The first relates to the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid wastes prior to disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or effluents, to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal.

整治污染問題的方法有兩種。第一種是通過廢物處理減少污染的危害，包括固體廢物排放? 之前?的處理和液體廢物或污水的處理，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)水的循環(huán)利用或者盡量降低最終排放前的污染程度。

A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement. Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Effluents from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are exploring potential economic uses

第二種方法是開發(fā)全部或部分廢物的經(jīng)濟(jì)利用。農(nóng)田中施用農(nóng)家肥 補(bǔ)充肥分或有機(jī)肥。有些地區(qū)使用污水處理廠排放的污水進(jìn)行灌溉施肥。其他水處理廠排出的廢水也可用作補(bǔ)充水源。現(xiàn)在，禽肉加工等許 多行業(yè)正在把原先廢棄的下腳料加工成可供出售的副產(chǎn)品，其他行業(yè)也在研究廢棄物的經(jīng)濟(jì)利用可能途徑。