考研英語的語法速成：謂語動詞可單數可復數情況
1. 就近一致原則
這種情況下，謂語動詞使用單數還是復數取決于最靠近該動詞的主語的單復數，存在這種情況的主要由以下幾種可能：
1) 由連詞 eitheror neithernor whether ornot onlybut ;or 等連接的并列主語
Neither money nor fame has influence on me
Not only you but also he is wrong
2) 在倒裝結構中，謂語動詞與后面的第一個主語一致
Blocking the open-sided porch, framed by the enveloping fog, stands a tall grave-faced policeman.
Just outside the ruins is a magnificent building surrounded by tall trees.
Although a great number of houses in that area are still in need of repair, there has been improvement in the facili
2. 主語帶有(together/along)with, such as, accompanied by, as well as, no less than, except, besides, with, combined with, in addition to , including, together with 等等附加成分，謂語的數不受附加成分的影響仍然與主語保持一致
Professor Taylor , with six of his students ,is attending a conference in Boston organized to compare current practice in the United States with those of other nations.
The president of the college, together with the deans, is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations.
3.關系代詞做主語的定語從句中，謂語的數要與先行詞一致。如：
Despite much research, there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that are not fully understood.
(1996年考研題)
There are many valuable services which the public are willing to pay for, but which do not bring a return in money to the community.
(1990年考研題)
4.一些表示數量的短語與名詞連用時候，謂語動詞的數取決于名詞的數，名詞是復數，謂語動詞用復數，反之就用單數。這些短語包括：a lot of /lots of; plenty of/heaps of; half of; two-third of; eighty percent; part of; rest of ; none of 等等
Two-thirds of people present are women
Lots of damage was caused by the fire
5.集體名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的數取決于主語表示的意思和數，當表示整體時候，謂語動詞就用單數，當強調集體中的個體時候，謂語動詞就用復數。這些集體名詞如：army, audience, band ,government ,group ,flock, police, public ,staff ,team ,troop. Crowd, firm, family 等等
The family is the basic unit of our society
The family were watching the TV
The audience was enormous
The audience were greatly moved at the words
6.某些固定結構中主語與謂語的數：
第一組：
a great many + 可數名詞復數 謂語用復數
a number of + 可數名詞復數 謂語用復數
the majority of + 可數名詞復數 謂語用復數
第二組;
the number of + 可數名詞復數 謂語用單數
each/every + 可數名詞復數 謂語用單數
neither/either of + 可數名詞復數 謂語用單數
one and a half + 可數名詞復數 謂語用單數
第三組;
more than one + 可數名詞單數 謂語用單數 many a + 可數名詞單數 謂語用單數
第四組;
the greater part of a large proportion of 50% of one third of plenty of the rest of
謂語的數與of 后面的名詞一致
第五組;
eitheror. not only.. but also not ..but
謂語的數與主語的第二部分(即or/ but also/ but引導的后面部分)一致.
注意比較：
More students than one have been referred to
More than one student is going to buy this
1. 就近一致原則
這種情況下，謂語動詞使用單數還是復數取決于最靠近該動詞的主語的單復數，存在這種情況的主要由以下幾種可能：
1) 由連詞 eitheror neithernor whether ornot onlybut ;or 等連接的并列主語
Neither money nor fame has influence on me
Not only you but also he is wrong
2) 在倒裝結構中，謂語動詞與后面的第一個主語一致
Blocking the open-sided porch, framed by the enveloping fog, stands a tall grave-faced policeman.
Just outside the ruins is a magnificent building surrounded by tall trees.
Although a great number of houses in that area are still in need of repair, there has been improvement in the facili
2. 主語帶有(together/along)with, such as, accompanied by, as well as, no less than, except, besides, with, combined with, in addition to , including, together with 等等附加成分，謂語的數不受附加成分的影響仍然與主語保持一致
Professor Taylor , with six of his students ,is attending a conference in Boston organized to compare current practice in the United States with those of other nations.
The president of the college, together with the deans, is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations.
3.關系代詞做主語的定語從句中，謂語的數要與先行詞一致。如：
Despite much research, there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that are not fully understood.
(1996年考研題)
There are many valuable services which the public are willing to pay for, but which do not bring a return in money to the community.
(1990年考研題)
4.一些表示數量的短語與名詞連用時候，謂語動詞的數取決于名詞的數，名詞是復數，謂語動詞用復數，反之就用單數。這些短語包括：a lot of /lots of; plenty of/heaps of; half of; two-third of; eighty percent; part of; rest of ; none of 等等
Two-thirds of people present are women
Lots of damage was caused by the fire
5.集體名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的數取決于主語表示的意思和數，當表示整體時候，謂語動詞就用單數，當強調集體中的個體時候，謂語動詞就用復數。這些集體名詞如：army, audience, band ,government ,group ,flock, police, public ,staff ,team ,troop. Crowd, firm, family 等等
The family is the basic unit of our society
The family were watching the TV
The audience was enormous
The audience were greatly moved at the words
6.某些固定結構中主語與謂語的數：
第一組：
a great many + 可數名詞復數 謂語用復數
a number of + 可數名詞復數 謂語用復數
the majority of + 可數名詞復數 謂語用復數
第二組;
the number of + 可數名詞復數 謂語用單數
each/every + 可數名詞復數 謂語用單數
neither/either of + 可數名詞復數 謂語用單數
one and a half + 可數名詞復數 謂語用單數
第三組;
more than one + 可數名詞單數 謂語用單數 many a + 可數名詞單數 謂語用單數
第四組;
the greater part of a large proportion of 50% of one third of plenty of the rest of
謂語的數與of 后面的名詞一致
第五組;
eitheror. not only.. but also not ..but
謂語的數與主語的第二部分(即or/ but also/ but引導的后面部分)一致.
注意比較：
More students than one have been referred to
More than one student is going to buy this
