1 目前考研究生形成熱潮

　　2 我認為這股熱潮的原因是......

　　My View on the Post-graduate Craze

　　Every year, million of college students will sit in for the post-graduate entrance examination. More and more students have regarded the pursuing of a master degree as an indispensable part of their education. What is to account for their enthusiasm for a post-graduate diploma?

　　First, it is the demand of the time. In an age of knowledge updating and information explosion, what you have learned in college can hardly meet the demand of society. Talents of high quality who are equipped with the latest knowledge and skill will be needed more than ever. That is why many students will further their studies.

　　Second, we all recognize that the more education you have, the more likely you are to succeed. Compared with those without a master degree, masters will enjoy more preferential treatment, for example, better salaries, more opportunities for promotion and training. A post-graduate degree can guarantee a more promising career.

　　Last but not least, with the graduation of a large number of college students, competition for jobs becomes more and more fierce. One way to gain some advantage over others is to have a higher degree.

　　No wonder millions of students will consider pursuing a post-graduate degree.

　　十八Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Something I admire about the Western Culture. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below :

　　1.Is there anything in the Western culture you admire?

　　2.What is it and why do you like it ?

　　Something I Admire about the Western Culture

　　Despite the cultural conflicts between the Orient and the Occident, there do exist some admirable ingredients in the Western culture.

　　First and foremost, the equality between parents and children. The parents are not always superior to their children, and the children do not always need to obey their parents order, that is, they are more like close friends.

　　Second, the independent personality. Western people have a strong sense of supporting themselves and being independent. They begin earning their pocket money early in their life, even as kids.

　　Last, Western people do not always assess a person according to his background. If only he can achieve success through personal struggle, he can win status. Its a talent-oriented society, not background-oriented.

　　All the above mentioned are what I admire in the western culture and what I think we Chinese should learn.

　　十九Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Campus Life. You should write at least 120 words according to the situation given below in Chinese:

　　1.有的大學生認為大學生活是豐富多彩，充實的

　　2.有的大學生對校園生活不滿意

　　3.你理想中的大學生活是什么樣的?談談你的感受

　　Campus Life

　　Early in senior high school, we longed to be enrolled in a university. Now the dream has come true. But how do we college students like our campus life?

　　Certainly, some relish it, finding it colorful and rewarding. Besides study, they spend considerable amount of time improving themselves in various aspect. Yet others do not think much of their college life, thus do not benefit as much. In their eyes, the university is just a bigger high school. The only difference is that they have more time at their disposal without parents looking over their shoulder.

　　As to me, college life is ideal if only I have abundant books to read, some bosom friends to keep me company, a couple of conscientious professors to instruct me, and an easy access to the Internet.

　　二十Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Opinion on Advertisement. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline below:

　　Some people hold the idea that the advertisement is a necessary evil in modern life. What do you think?

　　My Opinion on Advertisement

　　As is known to all, angels and evils are poles apart. But is there anything that combines the two perfectly? Some there is-the advertisement.

　　With the growing influence of mass media, advertising invades every aspect of our lives. Whenever we turn on the TV, look through a newspaper, open the mailbox, or surf on the Internet, advertisements would immediately jump into our sight. As they make things so attractive, we often end up buying things that we do not really need. Advertising not only adds to the price of the goods, thus harming the consumers interest, but also imposes a kind of materialistic value upon the audience.

　　But that is only part of the story-advertisements are informative as well as persuasive. They provide us with up-to-date information about the latest products. Some advertisements are so elegantly presented that we are inspired or even moved. No matter it is an evil or an angel, advertisement has become an indispensable part of our modern life.

　　二十一Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: What does friendship mean? You should write at least 120 words and you shouldbase your composition on the outline below:

　　1.友誼是人生永恒的主題

　　2.友誼到底意味著什么

　　3..友誼的重要性。

　　What does friendship mean?

　　There is no definite answer. An eternal theme in literature, friendship is also indispensable in daily life.

　　Friendship is to our life what salt is to dishes. When you are happy, friendship is just like adding flowers on the brocade; when you are sad, friendship is a dose of consolation; if you are in trouble, friends will surround you and remove the barriers for you; if you have a hard nut to crack, you can turn to friends for help. We admire the great friendship between Marx and Engel, which firmly combined them and pushed them forward on the road to exploring and fulfilling Communism.

　　Friendship isnt almighty, but no one can live happily without it.

　　二十二On Overseas Study

　　1.有人認為出國留學是個人發展的最佳選擇

　　2.也有人堅持在國內也能實現自己的理想

　　3.我的看法

　　With the deepening of reform and openingup of our country, many people dream of going abroad for further study. They insist that the modern research facilities, world famous professors and excellent environment in those foreign co11eges and universities can help lay a perfect foundation for their future development.

　　However, there are still many people who favor studying at home. They argue that studying abroad is too expensive and therefore doesnt pay, They also Point out that there are no language and cu1tural barriers if they study in our country，

　　Just as the old saying goes, Every advantage has its disadvantage. Both opinions are acceptable in some sense. If students have the chance and financial resources, they should seize the opportunity to go abroad and broaden their eyes. On the other hand, if conditions dont permit, they can pursue their studies in top universities at home. What counts is not the place where they study, but what they can learn.

　　二十三Private Tutoring

　　1.為孩子聘請家教目前非常普遍

　　2.家教的利與弊

　　3.我的看法

　　Private tutoring is in.A recent investigation shows that about 80 percent of pupils have private tutors，

　　Such a popular practice indicates that people are attaching greater importance to education. Many parents, for various reasons，missed the chance of obtaining a good education. when their children meet with difficulties in study, they arc helpless, Private tutoring is the only solution. As private tutoring is usually one-to-one, the teacher knows the strong points as we11 as the weak points of the pupil, clearly.

　　However, private tutoring has its own disadvantages, for one thing, it takes up so much of the pupils time that they can hardly find enough time for rest and entertainment, which are essential for their physical and mental health. For another, some teachers, busyshuttling from one family to another, tend to neglect their regular teaching duties. Whats more， some teachers are eager to help pupils do well in the test, offering the so-ca11ed tips for test-taking Father than help them acquire what is more meaningful.

　　Generally speaking, its disadvantages outweigh its advantages. Greater emphasis should be laid on classroom teaching and practice, on the improvement of teaching quality and on the tapping of the pupils potentials. Only in this way can we generation be healthily brought up.

　　二十四Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic City Problems. You should write no less than 120 words and base your composition on the outline below:

　　1.越來越多的人涌入大城市，有些問題隨之產生

　　2.比較明顯的大問題有

　　3.我對這種現象的想法。

　　City Problems

　　Nowadays, millions of migrant workers flock into cities in search of jobs and better living. However, with the sharp rise in the urban population, many problems arise in the development of cities.

　　Firstly, cities become more and more crowded, putting much pressure upon transportation, housing, sanitation, education, employment and so on. City services and facilities have been strained to a breaking point. Secondly, a growing number of private cars emit huge amount of carbon dioxide, leaving the air mercilessly polluted. What is more, the city is also threatened by rising crime. Not a single day passes without the report of someone being robbed, kidnapped or murdered. Last but not least, city-dwellers are not only separated from the natural world but also isolated from each other, even not knowing the name of their next-door neighbor.

　　All these problems have harmed the attractiveness of the city. Unless there is some improvement, more and more people may seek to live in the suburbs.

　　二十五Direction: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Cars and Air Pollution. You should write no less than 120 words and base your composition on the outline below:

　　1.私家轎車越來越多，有些問題隨之產生

　　2.比較明顯的大問題有......

　　3.我對這種現象的看法

　　Car and Air Pollution

　　Too many cars have created a lot of serious problems in our world. Besides congestion, accidents and fast fuel consumption, cars are responsible for a good part of air pollution in big cities. All the time, they are pumping huge amounts of waste gases into the atmosphere. These gases are very harmful, causing disease and even death.

　　One possible solution is to design and develop clean cars and clean fuels. In Shanghai, some of the public buses begin to run on natural gas, which does not give off as much carbon dioxide as the petrol. But it may take decades for the new models of clean cars completely replace the traditional ones.

　　Another solution is to develop modern public transportation systems and restrict the use of private cars. If the price of petrol rises constantly and the public vehicles are efficient and convenient enough, most people will not buy private cars. And the total number of cars in big cities will reduce greatly.

　　On the whole, the elimination of air pollution needs the collective efforts from the government, the public and the environmentalists.

　　二十六 Overseas Study at an Early Age

　　1.目前很多父母在孩子高中畢業前就總他們出國學習

　　2.導致這種趨勢的原因是什么

　　3.我對此的看法

　　Nowadays more and more parents are eager to send their children to study abroad before they finish high school by whatever means and at whatever cost.

　　It is quite understandable for parents to send their children to study overseas because they place high expectations on their children. They are encouraged by the success stories of those who have completed their overseas study. With the development of economy, companies and institutions at home are giving more and more emphasis on overseas experiences, too. Consequently, pursuing overseas study became a kind of short cut in gaining a better future. Moreover, there is still one underlying reason for this rush-economic reason. The rapid economic progress in the past few years in China has enabled more and more parents to afford the huge cost for their childrens overseas study.

　　As for me, overseas study is surely a helpful way to get both advanced knowledge and necessary experiences, but overseas study at an early age is neither necessary nor benef1cial. The students may be too young to either tend for themselves or think for themselves. I do think that overseas study can contribute to ones self-improvement, but its better to be pursued after one has finished his college study at home, when he is more capable of learning and living on his own.

　　二十七 Statistics of Family Expenses in Shanghai

　　1980 1990 2000

　　Food Clothing 68% 45% 20%

　　Recreation 3% 5% 8%

　　Education 6% 16% 22%

　　Health Care 6% 10% 16%

　　Others 17% 24% 35%

　　1.根據上圖描述該城市家庭支出的變化

　　2.分析產生這些變化的原因

　　3.說明這些變化對個人和社會產生的影響

　　As is shown in the table above, dramatic changes have taken place in family expenses in the City of Shanghai within two decades . The most obvious change is in expense on food and clothing, which has dropped by 48%, while those on recreation, education and health care have increased respectively by 5%, l6% and l0%. Expenses on other things keep rising from 17% to 35%.

　　The statistics of rise and fall seem to exist in isolation but are in fact closely related to one another. The most likely factors accounting for these changes are as follows:

　　Development in economy is the fundamental one. The increased income results in the lowering percentage of food and clothing. That is to say, a small percentage of the total income is enou5h to cover food and clothing expenses.

　　Another factor lies in the development of peoples concept. When people are well fed and well dressed, they begin to interest themselves in recreation and education.

　　These changes should also be attributed to social reforms. In the 1990s, college education was not totally free as it was before, which also accounts for the rising expenses on education. Soon after, the government gradually stopped offering houses to its citizens without charges. People had to save a large proportion of their money for housing. Thats partly why the expenses for others doubled.

　　As for the more expenses on health care, I figure there are two main reasons: the cancellation of free medical care and peoples awareness of the importance of health.

　　The changes reflect the development of the city and indicate that people are enjoying more.

　　二十八 On Space Project

　　給《周刊》宇航專欄的編輯寫一封信，說明你對太空探索項目的態度，并簡單陳述你的理由。

　　Dear Editor，

　　Thank you for your starting a specia1 co1umn jor the discussion on space projects. Frankly, it seems to me that our space projects so far have been in the main a waste of money, time, energy, human lives and resources.

　　The richer countries are pouring large sums of money into space research programs which are of no benefit to human beings while in underdeveloped countries thousands of people are dying of hunger. Besides, many scientists time and energy are wasted, which could have been devoted to improving our living condition. Whats more, many astronauts have died complete1y uselessly in space vehicles which have been faulty. They were young people who hadnt enjoyed the fruit of life yet.

　　Apart from human wastage, there is the wastage of resources which are finite and essential if man is to survive. I think its high time we stopped these meaningless programs.