如何翻譯“穩(wěn)健的財(cái)政政策和貨幣政策”

由雕龍文庫 分享時(shí)間：2024-03-28 19:49:32 收藏本文

在去年十一月召開的中央經(jīng)濟(jì)工作會(huì)議上，決定今年要實(shí)行穩(wěn)健的財(cái)政政策和貨幣政策，這標(biāo)志著實(shí)施已近7年的積極財(cái)政政策調(diào)整了取向。對(duì)于“穩(wěn)健的財(cái)政政策和貨幣政策”的英譯，許多媒體都是用prudent fiscal and monetary policies來表達(dá)的：

1. A high-level meeting of the Community Party of China (CPC) held Wednesday set the tone for China's economic policy next year, declaring that China will exerciseprudentfiscal and monetary policies in 2005.

2. The policy shift from'proactive to prudent'fiscal and monetary policies was made 'to conform with changes in China's macro-economic situation and consolidate the achievements of macro-control,'

3. China'sproactivefiscal policy, in place since 1998, has resulted in seven years of world-stunning economic growth. Aprudent policyis the logical choice to curb overheating of the economy, maintain steady development and improve the efficiency of the economy.

4. China has begun to shift to aprudent financial policyfor economic development after having adopted a proactive fiscal policy for securing sustainable growth during the past seven years.

5. In line with theprudent policy, the Chinese government will cut budget deficit and public investment, reform expenditure structure and push financial reform while carrying out macro-control measures, he said.

但是，prudent

1.USprudent policyabout climate change：

2.Prudentfiscal policy spells economicrecovery

“謹(jǐn)慎的財(cái)政政策”的說法在國外也能找到依據(jù)。例如，“謹(jǐn)慎的財(cái)政政策是新加坡經(jīng)濟(jì)管理的重要特征。雖然有更大的開支壓力和較緊的預(yù)算，但我們必須保持這個(gè)謹(jǐn)慎的財(cái)政政策。”

那么，穩(wěn)健的財(cái)政政策是什么呢？財(cái)政部長金人慶支出：“實(shí)行穩(wěn)健的財(cái)政政策

中性是指有增有減，有保有壓，松緊適度，既不過快也不過慢，既不過高也不過低，這是穩(wěn)健財(cái)政政策的重要特征。國家發(fā)改委宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)研究院副院長王一鳴說：“我理解的穩(wěn)健是它既不同于過去的積極財(cái)政政策那樣的擴(kuò)張，也不同于緊縮型財(cái)政政策那樣一種收縮，而是從過去積極財(cái)政政策的軌道上逐步地退下來，也就是說要逐步減少它的擴(kuò)張力度。……經(jīng)濟(jì)保持一種穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的格局，既不過快也不過慢，既不過高也不過低?！?穩(wěn)健的財(cái)政政策并不是從擴(kuò)張轉(zhuǎn)向緊縮，也不意味著對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)支持力度的減弱，它的核心是松緊適度，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)健康平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行?！?/p>

英語中sound policy的含義：Ifsound policyis to be formulated, the issues will be decided on the basis of three criteria: Is the proposed matterfeasible? (Can it be done?) Is itadvisable? (Should it be done?) Is itefficient? (What is the cost-benefit ratio?) The policy will besoundif those questions are answered affirmatively, or if a satisfactory compromise based on the criteria is made.

從以上的解釋不難看出，英語中的sound policy同漢語中的“穩(wěn)健政策”是比較吻合的。因?yàn)樗且钥尚行浴⒈匾院托б嫘赃@“三性”要求為前提的。

Sound Monetary PolicySupports a Healthy Economy.

Sound Fiscal PolicySpurs Economic Growth

European Central Bank president Jean-Claude Trichet said thatsound fiscal policieswould help the ECB to keep interest rates relatively low.

The governor has highlighted the main objectives of anysound monetary policy- the maintenance of price stability and stability of the external value of the domestic currency.

Asound monetary and fiscal policyframework has to be complemented by structural policies that make the economy more flexible and dynamic.

積極的財(cái)政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策也可以帶動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇，而不是促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長或發(fā)展，例如：

China'spro-active fiscal policies and sound monetary policieshave contributed to the overallrecoveryof economy. 實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策對(duì)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的全面復(fù)蘇的促進(jìn)作用。

Sustaining EconomicRecoverythroughSound Monetary Policy

由此看來，“穩(wěn)健”

順便提一下，在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的語料庫里，Sound policy 的例子比較多，Prudent policy的例子比較少，而Cautious policy的例子則很難找到。