（北師大版）2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)精選導(dǎo)學(xué)案語法強(qiáng)化系列專題4 介詞和介詞短語

　　介詞和介詞短語

　　1．The train leaves at 6：00 pm.So I have to be at the station ________ 5：40 pm at the latest.

　　A．until

　　B．a(chǎn)fter

　　C．by

　　D．a(chǎn)round

　　解析句意：火車將在下午六點出發(fā)。因此，我最遲應(yīng)該在下午5：40前到達(dá)車站。根據(jù)語意可知，本題應(yīng)填介詞by意為“不遲于，在(某時)之前”。until意為“直到”；after意為“在……之后”；around表示“大概，大約”都不符合題意。

　　答案C

　　2．—Do you go there ________ bus?

　　—No, we go there ________ a train.

　　A．in；on

　　B．on；on

　　C．by；in

　　D．by；with

　　解析　介詞與表示乘坐交通工具的名詞連用時，若交通工具名詞前無冠詞，用介詞by；若有冠詞、物主代詞修飾交通工具名詞時，則用介詞in或on。句意：——你們乘公共汽車去那里嗎？——不，我們乘火車去。

　　答案C

　　3．A good advertisement often uses words ________ which people attach positive meaning to attract people to buy a product or service.

　　A．to

　　B．of

　　Cfor

　　D．with

　　“________ which people attach positive meaning”可理解為“people attach positive meaning to which”。attach...to...意為“把……附在……上”；to attract people to buy a product or service 作目的狀語。

　　答案：A

　　4．________ your timely help, I couldn't have finished the work on time. I can't thank you too much.

　　A．Rauter than

　　B．Except for

　　CIn addition to

　　D．But for

　　but for “要不是”正確，經(jīng)常用在含有虛擬語氣的含蓄條件句中。前三項分別意為“而不是”“除……之外”“除……之外還”。

　　答案：D

　　5．How dangerous it is to put the poisons ___the reach of young children!

　　A．by

　　B．upon

　　Cbeyond

　　D．within

　　within the reach of sb.＝within one's reach “某人力所能及(夠得著、承受得了等)”，是固定用法，符合語意。

　　答案：A

　　6．Our teacher keeps _____ touch _____ telephone _____ us students.

　　A．in；with；with

　　B．inby；with

　　C．on；by；with

　　D．onwith；by

　　解析：考查介詞詞組。語意：我們老師通過電話和我們保持聯(lián)系。本題考查了詞組keep in touch with “與……保持聯(lián)系”和by telephone “通過電話”。

　　答案：B

　　7．My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ________ it.

　　A．in favour of

　　B．in memory of

　　C．in honour of

　　D．in search of

　　解析　句意：我的姐姐反對我的建議，然而我哥哥卻贊成。in favour of意為“同意，贊成”；in memory of意為“為紀(jì)念……”；in honour of意為“為紀(jì)念……”；in search of意為“尋找”。根據(jù)句意可知，選A項。

　　答案　AA grand ceremony was held ________ the queen's birthday.

　　A．by means of

　　B．in honour of

　　Ctogether with

　　D．in need of

　　in honour of “向……表示敬意”，符合語意。by means of “借助于”；together with “連同”；in need of “需要”。

　　答案：B

　　9．We felt greatly sorry ____ those who died or got injured in the accident that occurred near the city of Wenzhou in Zhejiang when bullet train D301 rearended D3115.

　　A．a(chǎn)t

　　B．with

　　Cfor

　　D．in

　　D301次列車與D3115次列車追尾事故中死亡或者受傷的人們深表同情。feel sorry for “為……感到可惜，對……表示同情”，是固定短語，符合語意。

　　答案：C

　　10．People's attitude ________ life varies widely. Some are positive and some are negative.

　　A．a(chǎn)bout

　　B．of

　　Ctowards

　　D．on

　　解析：考查介詞用法。語意：人們對待生活的態(tài)度大不相同。有些人的態(tài)度是積極的，有些人的態(tài)度是消極的。attitude towards... “對待……的態(tài)度”，故C項正確。

　　答案：C

　　11．As the sun sank in late afternoon, the mountain looked magnificent ________ the color of the sky.

　　A．in

　　B．below

　　C．beside

　　D．a(chǎn)gainst

　　against 的特殊用法，against 有“以……為背景；襯托”之意。

　　答案：D

　　12．You can't expect to succeed if you attempt tasks ________ your ability.

　　A．a(chǎn)bove

　　B．below

　　Cin

　　D．out

　　above 有“超過，在……之上”之意，符合語意。

　　答案：A

　　13．Because of her teaching experience, she had a big advantage ________ the other applicants for the job.

　　A．over

　　B．a(chǎn)bove

　　Cagainst

　　D．beyond

　　have an advantage over “比……有優(yōu)勢”，是固定短語。

　　答案：A

　　14．Located ________ the eastern coast of the sea, the village is fairly new ________ only a small population of less than 3,000.

　　A．on；with

　　B．off；with

　　C．in；of

　　D．on；in

　　解析句意：這個村莊位于東海岸，人口不足3 000，是個相當(dāng)新的村莊。表示“在河流或道路等的一邊”用on，例如：a house on the river，而off則表示“距……不遠(yuǎn)處”，例如：an island off the coast of France，所以第一個空填介詞on。第二個空填介詞with，表示“具有，帶有”。

　　答案A

　　15．The coat was made ________ hand, not ________ a machine.

　　A．in；in

　　B．by；with

　　C．with；by

　　D．by；in

　　解析第一個空表示用于無形的工具或方式手段之前，故用固定短語by hand；第二個空用于表示有形的工具之前，故填介詞with。句意：這件外套是用手工做的，而不是用機(jī)器制作的。

　　答案B

　　介詞和介詞短語

　　1．The train leaves at 6：00 pm.So I have to be at the station ________ 5：40 pm at the latest.

　　A．until

　　B．a(chǎn)fter

　　C．by

　　D．a(chǎn)round

　　解析句意：火車將在下午六點出發(fā)。因此，我最遲應(yīng)該在下午5：40前到達(dá)車站。根據(jù)語意可知，本題應(yīng)填介詞by意為“不遲于，在(某時)之前”。until意為“直到”；after意為“在……之后”；around表示“大概，大約”都不符合題意。

　　答案C

　　2．—Do you go there ________ bus?

　　—No, we go there ________ a train.

　　A．in；on

　　B．on；on

　　C．by；in

　　D．by；with

　　解析　介詞與表示乘坐交通工具的名詞連用時，若交通工具名詞前無冠詞，用介詞by；若有冠詞、物主代詞修飾交通工具名詞時，則用介詞in或on。句意：——你們乘公共汽車去那里嗎？——不，我們乘火車去。

　　答案C

　　3．A good advertisement often uses words ________ which people attach positive meaning to attract people to buy a product or service.

　　A．to

　　B．of

　　Cfor

　　D．with

　　“________ which people attach positive meaning”可理解為“people attach positive meaning to which”。attach...to...意為“把……附在……上”；to attract people to buy a product or service 作目的狀語。

　　答案：A

　　4．________ your timely help, I couldn't have finished the work on time. I can't thank you too much.

　　A．Rauter than

　　B．Except for

　　CIn addition to

　　D．But for

　　but for “要不是”正確，經(jīng)常用在含有虛擬語氣的含蓄條件句中。前三項分別意為“而不是”“除……之外”“除……之外還”。

　　答案：D

　　5．How dangerous it is to put the poisons ___the reach of young children!

　　A．by

　　B．upon

　　Cbeyond

　　D．within

　　within the reach of sb.＝within one's reach “某人力所能及(夠得著、承受得了等)”，是固定用法，符合語意。

　　答案：A

　　6．Our teacher keeps _____ touch _____ telephone _____ us students.

　　A．in；with；with

　　B．inby；with

　　C．on；by；with

　　D．onwith；by

　　解析：考查介詞詞組。語意：我們老師通過電話和我們保持聯(lián)系。本題考查了詞組keep in touch with “與……保持聯(lián)系”和by telephone “通過電話”。

　　答案：B

　　7．My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ________ it.

　　A．in favour of

　　B．in memory of

　　C．in honour of

　　D．in search of

　　解析　句意：我的姐姐反對我的建議，然而我哥哥卻贊成。in favour of意為“同意，贊成”；in memory of意為“為紀(jì)念……”；in honour of意為“為紀(jì)念……”；in search of意為“尋找”。根據(jù)句意可知，選A項。

　　答案　AA grand ceremony was held ________ the queen's birthday.

　　A．by means of

　　B．in honour of

　　Ctogether with

　　D．in need of

　　in honour of “向……表示敬意”，符合語意。by means of “借助于”；together with “連同”；in need of “需要”。

　　答案：B

　　9．We felt greatly sorry ____ those who died or got injured in the accident that occurred near the city of Wenzhou in Zhejiang when bullet train D301 rearended D3115.

　　A．a(chǎn)t

　　B．with

　　Cfor

　　D．in

　　D301次列車與D3115次列車追尾事故中死亡或者受傷的人們深表同情。feel sorry for “為……感到可惜，對……表示同情”，是固定短語，符合語意。

　　答案：C

　　10．People's attitude ________ life varies widely. Some are positive and some are negative.

　　A．a(chǎn)bout

　　B．of

　　Ctowards

　　D．on

　　解析：考查介詞用法。語意：人們對待生活的態(tài)度大不相同。有些人的態(tài)度是積極的，有些人的態(tài)度是消極的。attitude towards... “對待……的態(tài)度”，故C項正確。

　　答案：C

　　11．As the sun sank in late afternoon, the mountain looked magnificent ________ the color of the sky.

　　A．in

　　B．below

　　C．beside

　　D．a(chǎn)gainst

　　against 的特殊用法，against 有“以……為背景；襯托”之意。

　　答案：D

　　12．You can't expect to succeed if you attempt tasks ________ your ability.

　　A．a(chǎn)bove

　　B．below

　　Cin

　　D．out

　　above 有“超過，在……之上”之意，符合語意。

　　答案：A

　　13．Because of her teaching experience, she had a big advantage ________ the other applicants for the job.

　　A．over

　　B．a(chǎn)bove

　　Cagainst

　　D．beyond

　　have an advantage over “比……有優(yōu)勢”，是固定短語。

　　答案：A

　　14．Located ________ the eastern coast of the sea, the village is fairly new ________ only a small population of less than 3,000.

　　A．on；with

　　B．off；with

　　C．in；of

　　D．on；in

　　解析句意：這個村莊位于東海岸，人口不足3 000，是個相當(dāng)新的村莊。表示“在河流或道路等的一邊”用on，例如：a house on the river，而off則表示“距……不遠(yuǎn)處”，例如：an island off the coast of France，所以第一個空填介詞on。第二個空填介詞with，表示“具有，帶有”。

　　答案A

　　15．The coat was made ________ hand, not ________ a machine.

　　A．in；in

　　B．by；with

　　C．with；by

　　D．by；in

　　解析第一個空表示用于無形的工具或方式手段之前，故用固定短語by hand；第二個空用于表示有形的工具之前，故填介詞with。句意：這件外套是用手工做的，而不是用機(jī)器制作的。

　　答案B