課時作業(十七)　必修4　Unit 2　Working the land

　?、?單項填空

　　1．(2024·安徽示范高中二次聯考)—It’s said that you’re going to drop out of college.Are you serious?

　　—________.I will find a job.

　　A．Yes，I’ve made up my mind B．No，I was just joking

　　C．Yes，I couldn’t agree more D．No，I’m not sure

　　2．About 100 million people are still out of work.________，employment will continue to be a top concern for this country.

　　A．Therefore B．However

　　C．Besides D．Instead

　　3．Liu Yang’s________as the first woman astronaut of China made all the people in her hometown very excited.

　　A．to choose B．choosing

　　C．being chosen D．chose

　　4．Some taxis sometimes choose purposely whether or not to________passengers，depending on whether their destination will be too long or too short.

　　A．bring up B．take up

　　C．build up D．pick up

　　5．There’s no doubt that parents are always concerned about their kids’ future and________is waiting for them when they grow up.

　　A．what B．which

　　C．whether D．where

　　6．South Asia’s rate of children that are underweight or with low birth weight is nearly________that of Africa.

　　A．as twice high as B．twice as high as

　　C．as high as twice D．as high twice as

　　7．—Why did the parents spend so much money on their children?

　　—They just want to have their children________with good education.

　　A．offered B．paid

　　C．made D．equipped

　　8．(2024·湖北七市聯考)It is a good idea to make a brief________of the main points of your speech to get yourself across to the audience.

　　A．comment B．summary

　　C．guide D．framework

　　9．(2024·河北模擬)—How did she lose so much weight as expected?

　　—________eating less，she jogged for several miles every day.

　　A．In spite of B．In addition to

　　C．Instead of D．Thanks to

　　10．If you want to advance yourself in your study，you will first have to________yourself of those shortcomings that can become barriers to progress.

　　A．remove B．cut

　　C．reduce D．rid

　　11．(2024·濰坊質量檢測)When people cut down big trees，new trees should be planted.________，they will have no trees to cut down in the future.

　　A．If not B．If so

　　C．If no so D．If don’t

　　12．(2024·西安第一次質檢)We put our books in the bookcase to keep them________from dust.

　　A．empty B．free

　　C．loose D．short

　　13．—What Tom had said turned out to be right.

　　—Oh，yes.I regret________his advice.

　　A．to take B．taking

　　C．not to take D．not taking

　　14．Nowadays，food safety has become the________of the government as well as the society.

　　A．advantage B．focus

　　C．step D．anger

　　15．(2024·浙江紹興調研)—What do you think of her speech last night?

　　—Just so so.She gave us too much information，so that everyone got________.

　　A．confused B．to confuse

　　C．confusing D．to be confused

　?、?閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024·蘇錫常鎮四市二調)

　　Research shows that childhood friendships are important indicators of future success and social adjustment.Children’s relationships with peers (同齡人) strongly influence their success in school，and children with fewer friends are more at risk of dropping out of school，becoming depressed and other problems.

　　Making and Keeping Friends Is More than Child’s Play

　　When 6-year-old Rachel returned to school on a recent Monday

　　morning，her

　　eyes immediately

　　scanned

　　the playground for her friend Abbie.“Though they were only separated by a weekend，the girls ran right into each other’s arms and hugged，”recalls Rachel’s mother Kathryn Willis of Gilbert.“It was like a scene from a movie.”

　　Most parents instinctively (本能地) know that having friends is good for their child.Experts agree that friendship is not simply child’s play，but a powerful predictor of social adjustment throughout life.

　　A Skill for Life

　　“Childhood friendships serve as a very important training ground

　　for

　　adulthood，”

　　says

　　Dr.Robbie

　　Adler-Tapia，psychologist with the Center for Children’s Health & Life Development at the East Valley Family Resource Center.

　　Researcher William Hartup states，“Peer relations contribute significantly to both social and cognitive

　　(認知的) development.”

　　Hartup

　　concludes

　　that

　　the

　　single best childhood predictor of adult social adaptation is not school grades or classroom behavior，but rather，how well a child gets along with other children.

　　The

　　work

　　of

　　Arizona

　　State

　　University

　　professor

　　of Developmental Psychology Gary Ladd proves that just as being able to make and keep friends is beneficial to kids，so is the lack of friends detrimental.

　　Good Friendships Don’t Just Happen

　　Experts agree that it is essential for children to establish high-quality

　　friendships.But，researchers

　　warn，these friendships don’t necessarily just happen.Often，a good friendship begins with involved parents.

　　Psychologist Dr.Lynne Kenney Markan believes kids should be taught social skills in much the same way they are taught math and reading.

　　Bad Company

　　Many parents worry about the quality as well as the quantity of their child’s friendships.“When she was in 1st grade，her supposed ‘best friend’ began calling her names and threatening to hurt her，” says Mindy Miller.“My daughter wasn’t allowed to talk to or even look at other girls in her class.It really crushed her spirit.I told my daughter she didn’t need a ‘friend’ like that.”

　　“I’ll bend over backwards to help my son get together with a friend I think is good for him，” Adler-Tapia says.“I don’t look at it as manipulation (操縱)，just positive parental involvement.”

　　1．The example of Rachel and Abbie is used to illustrate that________.

　　A．childhood friendship is of great significance to their growth

　　B．a positive friendship helps children solve emotional and physical problems

　　C．it is a proven fact that peer friendship is the most rewarding experience throughout life

　　D．Rachel missed her friend Abbie very much because of

　　their separation of one weekend

　　2．The underlined word “detrimental” could be replaced by________.

　　A．aggressive B．disappointing

　　C．ridiculous D．harmful

　　3．We can learn from the passage that high-quality friendship most probably results from________.

　　A．social skills and good study habits

　　B．school grades and classroom behaviors

　　C．academic success and social adaptation

　　D．positive parental involvement and social skills

　　4．From the last paragraph we can conclude that Dr.Robbie Adler-Tapia agrees that________.

　　A．parents should regard making friends as something that just happens

　　B．it’s wise for parents to support and encourage healthy peer relationships

　　C．parents only need to help their children to cope with difficult social situations

　　D．parents are supposed to encourage their children to make as many friends as they can

　　B

　　(2024·合肥一模)

　　Can people change their skin color without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson？Perhaps yes.Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color.

　　The gene comes in two versions，one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans.The other is found in 93 to 100 per cent of Africans，researchers

　　at

　　the

　　Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science.

　　Scientists have changed the color of a dark-striped zebrafish (斑馬魚) to gold by inserting a version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish.As with humans，the skin color of zebrafish is determined by pigment cells，which contain melanin (黑色素)．The number，size and darkness of melanin per pigment cell determine skin color.

　　It appears that，like the golden zebrafish，light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation (變異) in the gene for melanin production.This results in less pigmented skin.

　　However，Keith Cheng，leader of the research team，points out that the mutation is different in human and zebrafish genes.

　　Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun，which can cause skin cancer.

　　But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes，they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin

　　D．So the related gene changes，according to Cheng.

　　Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans，so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color，said Cheng.

　　The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer.It also could lead to research into ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.

　　5．Scientists have done an experiment on a dark-striped zebrafish in order to________.

　　A．find the genes that are different from humans’

　　B．prove the skin color of zebrafish is determined by the pigment gene

　　C．find out the reason why Africans’ skin color is dark

　　D．find out the ways to change people’s skin color

　　6．The passage mainly tells us that________.

　　A．scientists have found out the gene that determines people’s skin color

　　B．the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safely

　　C．pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he liked

　　D．people cannot change their skin color without any pain

　　7．The reason why Europeans are light-skinned is probably that________.

　　A．they are born light-skinned people

　　B．light-skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production

　　C．they have fewer activities outside

　　D．they pay much attention to protecting their skin8．The writer’s attitude towards the discovery is________.

　　A．neutral B．negative

　　C．indifferent　

　　D．positive

　　課時作業(十七)　

　?、?單項填空

　　1．解析：　考查交際用語。根據答語后半部分的內容可知，答話人已經下定決心從大學輟學。故A項“是的，我已經下定決心了”，符合句意。

　　答案：　A

　　2．解析：　句意為：仍約有1億人失業。因此，就業將繼續成為這個國家最關心的問題。therefore因此；however然而；besides而且；instead反而。

　　答案：　A

　　3．解析：　考查非謂語動詞。句意為：劉洋被選為中國的第一位女航天員讓她家鄉的人們興奮不已。分析題干可知“Liu Yang’s________as the first woman astronaut of China”為句子的主語，并且Liu Yang充當了空格處的邏輯主語，且二者存在動賓關系，所以要用動名詞的被動形式作主語，即選C。

　　答案：　C

　　4．解析：　句意為：一些出租車有時故意選擇是否搭載乘客，這取決于乘客們的目的地太遠或太近。bring up養育；take up開始從事；build up建立；pick up搭載。

　　答案：　D

　　5．解析：　考查名詞性從句。分析題干可知“________is waiting for them...”在句中作介詞的賓語，并且空格處又在從句中作主語。因為whether需在從句中作地點狀語，排除D；又因which意為“哪個，哪些”，表特指，排除B；而what意為“什么”，表泛指，故選A。

　　答案：　A

　　6．解析：　考查倍數表達法。倍數表達法的一種就是“倍數＋as＋adj.(原級)＋as”，故選B。

　　答案：　B

　　7．解析：　句意為：——為什么父母在他們的孩子身上花這么多的錢？——他們只是想讓他們的孩子獲得好的教育。本句使用了have sth.done，同時選項中的equip意為“裝備”，常與with連用；而offer的結構是offer sb.sth.和offer sth.to sb.不能夠與介詞with連用。

　　答案：　D

　　8．解析：　考查名詞辨析。句意為：為了把自己的意思傳達給聽眾而將你演講的要點進步一個簡短的小結，這個想法不錯。A.議論，評論；B.總結，概括；C.指南，向導；D.框架。根據句意選B。

　　答案：　B

　　9．解析：　句意為：——她是怎樣按照預想的減掉這么多體重的？——除了少吃，她每天慢跑幾英里。in addition to除了……以外(還有)；A.盡管；C.代替；D.多虧了。根據she jogged...可知B項正確。

　　答案：　B

　　10．解析：　rid sb.of sth.表示“使某人擺脫……”，符合句意。句意為：如果你想學習上取得進步，首先你必須擺脫那些會成為你進步障礙的缺點。

　　答案：　D

　　11．解析：　考查省略。句意為：當人們砍倒大樹時，應該種植新樹，不然的話，他們將來就沒有樹木可砍了。if not如果不，不然；if so如果這樣的話。

　　答案：　A

　　12．解析：　考查形容詞辨析。句意為：我們把書放在書柜中是為了使它們沒有灰塵。此處free表示“沒有……的”。

　　答案：　B

　　13．解析：　regret后可接動詞不定式或動詞-ing形式作賓語，但意義有區別，前者表示“很遺憾要去做某事”，后者表示“很遺憾做了某事”。句意為：——湯姆所說的被證明是對的?！前?，我后悔沒有采納他的建議。

　　答案：　D

　　14．解析：　考查名詞。句意為：如今，食品安全問題成為政府和社會關注的中心話題。focus(興趣、活動等的)中心；焦點，符合句意。advantage好處；優勢；step步驟；anger憤怒。

　　答案：　B

　　15．解析：　考查非謂語動詞。get confused為被動語態結構，get相當于助動詞be。

　　答案：　A

　?、?閱讀理解

　　語篇解讀：　研究表明，童年時期的友誼對孩子的將來有著非常重要的意義。

　　1．解析：　細節理解題。文中六歲的Rachel與她的朋友Abbie之間的友誼例證了本部分的標題Making and Keeping Friends Is More than Child’s Play，再結合文章首句可知應選A項。

　　答案：　A

　　2．解析：　詞義猜測題。根據文中的“The work of Arizona State University professor of Developmental Psychology Gary Ladd proves that just as being able to make and keep friends is beneficial to kids，so is the lack of friends detrimental.”可知，“detrimental”與句中的“beneficial”相對應，因此“detrimental”與“harmful”同義。