高中英語 詞匯講解(Unit 16 Scientists at work)人教版

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            高中英語 詞匯講解(Unit 16 Scientists at work)人教版

              Unit 16 Scientists at work Warming up,Listening and Speaking

              詞匯講解

              三點剖析

              1....discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the following scientific discoveries...

              討論下列科學發(fā)現(xiàn)的優(yōu)點和缺點……

              advantage n.有利條件;優(yōu)點

              【典型例句】

              Given a good education,Tom has an advantage over other boys.

              接受過良好教育,湯姆比其他男孩占優(yōu)勢。

              He always takes advantage of the mistakes made by others.他總是吸取別人所犯錯誤的教訓。

              Attending more scientific lectures is of great advantage to me.

              多參加一些科學講座對我很有益。

              【要點歸納】

              advantage作“優(yōu)點,有利條件”講時是可數(shù)名詞;作“利益,好處”講時是不可數(shù)名詞。常用搭配:have/gain/win an advantage over...占/獲得優(yōu)勢;take advantage of sth.利用;be to one’s advantage/to the advantage of...對某人有利;have the advantage of sb.較某人有利,比某人強。

              【相關(guān)鏈接】

              disadvantage是advantage的反義詞,表示“不利,損失”時不可數(shù),表示“不利的情況,不便之事”時可數(shù)。多用于搭配:be at a disadvantage處于不利地位;to one’s disadvantage對某人不利。例如:

              It’s a disadvantage not to know English when you go abroad.

              出國時不懂英語是個不利條件。

              Your behavior is a disadvantage to your reputation.

              你的行為有損你的聲譽。完成句子

              (1)The present international situation is _______________(對中國有利).

              (2)In working out maths problems,my desk-mate ______________(比大部分女生強).

              (3)I feel_______________(處于不利地位) playing with him.

              (4)The Chinese government is trying to _________________(利用寶貴的時間) to develop the economy.

              (5)Age and experience are __________________(他的主要優(yōu)點).

              答案:(1)to China’s advantage

              (2)has the advantage of most of the girls

              (3)at a disadvantage

              (4)take advantage of the valuable time

              (5)his main advantages

              選擇

              (6)—How about the coins?

              —Well,coins have many __________.They can be stored without worrying that they will rot away.

              A.effects

              B.advantages

              C.disadvantages D.uses

              提示:由答語的后一句看出答案,應使用advantages(優(yōu)點)。答案:B

              2.It brings people more comfort.

              它使人們更舒適。

              comfort n.舒適;安慰

              【典型例句】

              I took comfort in her words,feeling more comfortable.

              我從她的話中得到安慰,感到好受多了。

              Taken good care of,the retired men live in comfort.

              由于被照顧得很好,退休人員生活舒適。

              Her success in her cause is a great comfort to her parents.

              她在事業(yè)上的成功對父母來說一大慰藉。

              These fivestar level hotels offer modern comforts.

              這些五星級賓館有現(xiàn)代化的設(shè)備。

              【要點歸納】

              comfort表示“安慰;舒服;舒適”不可數(shù);指“使生活舒適之物;帶來安慰的人或物”時可數(shù)。

              【相關(guān)鏈接】

              (1)comfort用作動詞,表示“安慰;慰問”。例如:

              It comforts me to know that the crew is safe.

              機組人員平安無事的消息使我寬心。

              No one comforted me when I was sad about my pet dog’s death.在我因?qū)櫸锕返乃劳龆瘋麜r沒有人安慰我。

              (2)comfortable adj. 安慰的,舒適的,輕松的。反義詞 uncomfortable 例如:

              She wanted to find a comfortable job after graduation.

              她畢業(yè)后想找個輕松的工作。

              選擇

              (1)A hot cup of tea on a cold winter night is _________.

              A.real comfort 

              B.a real comfort

              C.real comforts

              D.real comfortable

              提示:“使人安慰或舒服的人或事”,comfort用作可數(shù)名詞。

              答案:B

              (2)I feel _______ at home than outside.

              A.even comfortable 

              B.much comfortable

              C.much more comfortable

              D.comfortabler

              提示:comfortable是多音節(jié)詞,故加more構(gòu)成比較級,前面的much表示“程度”。

              答案:C

              翻譯

              (3)和你在一起真愉快。

              _______________________________________

              (4)我盡力安慰她從而使她平靜下來。

              _______________________________________

              答案:

              (3)It’s a comfort to be with you.

              (4)I tried to comfort her to make her settle down.

              3.It is unnecessary.

              那是沒有必要的。

              unnecessary adj.不必要的;多余的

              【典型例句】

              Your rude reply is unnecessary.

              你大可不必粗野地回答。

              It’s unnecessary to telephone him at such time.

              沒有必要此時給他打電話。

              Dictionaries are necessary to all students.

              字典是學生都需要的。

              It is necessary for him to do more in the house because his mother is ill.

              他媽媽有病使他有必要做更多的家務(wù)。It’s necessary that we(should) improve the method of study.

              我們有必要改進自己的學習方法。

              【要點歸納】

              necessary/unnecessary是指事物的形容詞,作表語時,可用事物名詞作主語,不能用人作主語。常用于下列兩個句型:(1)It is necessary/unnecessary for sb.to do sth.(2)It’s necessary/unnecessary that+從句,都表示“某人有必要/沒必要做某事”,但接從句時,從句中的謂語動詞要用“should+動詞原形”,should可以省略。【相關(guān)鏈接】

              There is no need(for sb.) to do sth.(某人)沒有必要做某事。例如:

              There is no need to import so many cars now.

              現(xiàn)在沒有必要進口這么多汽車。改錯

              (1)He is necessary to get up early tomorrow morning.

              _____________________________________________________________________

              (2)It is no need to send more fire fighters because the fire has been put out.

              _____________________________________________________________________

              答案:

              (1)It is necessary for him to get up early tomorrow morning./It is necessary that he should get up early next morning.

              (2)It→There

              選擇

              (3)We have found _________ necessary to put away some money for old age.

              A.this

              B.which

              C.that

              D.it

              提示:it代替后面的不定式作形式賓語。

              答案:D

              (4)All agree that it is ____________ to bring in more foreign films in order to protect China’s film industry.

              A.necessary

              B.unnecessary

              C.no need

              D.much need

              提示:句中的不定式短語暗示“沒有必要進口更多的外國電影”,故使用unnecessary。

              答案:B

              Unit 16 Scientists at work Warming up,Listening and Speaking

              詞匯講解

              三點剖析

              1....discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the following scientific discoveries...

              討論下列科學發(fā)現(xiàn)的優(yōu)點和缺點……

              advantage n.有利條件;優(yōu)點

              【典型例句】

              Given a good education,Tom has an advantage over other boys.

              接受過良好教育,湯姆比其他男孩占優(yōu)勢。

              He always takes advantage of the mistakes made by others.他總是吸取別人所犯錯誤的教訓。

              Attending more scientific lectures is of great advantage to me.

              多參加一些科學講座對我很有益。

              【要點歸納】

              advantage作“優(yōu)點,有利條件”講時是可數(shù)名詞;作“利益,好處”講時是不可數(shù)名詞。常用搭配:have/gain/win an advantage over...占/獲得優(yōu)勢;take advantage of sth.利用;be to one’s advantage/to the advantage of...對某人有利;have the advantage of sb.較某人有利,比某人強。

              【相關(guān)鏈接】

              disadvantage是advantage的反義詞,表示“不利,損失”時不可數(shù),表示“不利的情況,不便之事”時可數(shù)。多用于搭配:be at a disadvantage處于不利地位;to one’s disadvantage對某人不利。例如:

              It’s a disadvantage not to know English when you go abroad.

              出國時不懂英語是個不利條件。

              Your behavior is a disadvantage to your reputation.

              你的行為有損你的聲譽。完成句子

              (1)The present international situation is _______________(對中國有利).

              (2)In working out maths problems,my desk-mate ______________(比大部分女生強).

              (3)I feel_______________(處于不利地位) playing with him.

              (4)The Chinese government is trying to _________________(利用寶貴的時間) to develop the economy.

              (5)Age and experience are __________________(他的主要優(yōu)點).

              答案:(1)to China’s advantage

              (2)has the advantage of most of the girls

              (3)at a disadvantage

              (4)take advantage of the valuable time

              (5)his main advantages

              選擇

              (6)—How about the coins?

              —Well,coins have many __________.They can be stored without worrying that they will rot away.

              A.effects

              B.advantages

              C.disadvantages D.uses

              提示:由答語的后一句看出答案,應使用advantages(優(yōu)點)。答案:B

              2.It brings people more comfort.

              它使人們更舒適。

              comfort n.舒適;安慰

              【典型例句】

              I took comfort in her words,feeling more comfortable.

              我從她的話中得到安慰,感到好受多了。

              Taken good care of,the retired men live in comfort.

              由于被照顧得很好,退休人員生活舒適。

              Her success in her cause is a great comfort to her parents.

              她在事業(yè)上的成功對父母來說一大慰藉。

              These fivestar level hotels offer modern comforts.

              這些五星級賓館有現(xiàn)代化的設(shè)備。

              【要點歸納】

              comfort表示“安慰;舒服;舒適”不可數(shù);指“使生活舒適之物;帶來安慰的人或物”時可數(shù)。

              【相關(guān)鏈接】

              (1)comfort用作動詞,表示“安慰;慰問”。例如:

              It comforts me to know that the crew is safe.

              機組人員平安無事的消息使我寬心。

              No one comforted me when I was sad about my pet dog’s death.在我因?qū)櫸锕返乃劳龆瘋麜r沒有人安慰我。

              (2)comfortable adj. 安慰的,舒適的,輕松的。反義詞 uncomfortable 例如:

              She wanted to find a comfortable job after graduation.

              她畢業(yè)后想找個輕松的工作。

              選擇

              (1)A hot cup of tea on a cold winter night is _________.

              A.real comfort 

              B.a real comfort

              C.real comforts

              D.real comfortable

              提示:“使人安慰或舒服的人或事”,comfort用作可數(shù)名詞。

              答案:B

              (2)I feel _______ at home than outside.

              A.even comfortable 

              B.much comfortable

              C.much more comfortable

              D.comfortabler

              提示:comfortable是多音節(jié)詞,故加more構(gòu)成比較級,前面的much表示“程度”。

              答案:C

              翻譯

              (3)和你在一起真愉快。

              _______________________________________

              (4)我盡力安慰她從而使她平靜下來。

              _______________________________________

              答案:

              (3)It’s a comfort to be with you.

              (4)I tried to comfort her to make her settle down.

              3.It is unnecessary.

              那是沒有必要的。

              unnecessary adj.不必要的;多余的

              【典型例句】

              Your rude reply is unnecessary.

              你大可不必粗野地回答。

              It’s unnecessary to telephone him at such time.

              沒有必要此時給他打電話。

              Dictionaries are necessary to all students.

              字典是學生都需要的。

              It is necessary for him to do more in the house because his mother is ill.

              他媽媽有病使他有必要做更多的家務(wù)。It’s necessary that we(should) improve the method of study.

              我們有必要改進自己的學習方法。

              【要點歸納】

              necessary/unnecessary是指事物的形容詞,作表語時,可用事物名詞作主語,不能用人作主語。常用于下列兩個句型:(1)It is necessary/unnecessary for sb.to do sth.(2)It’s necessary/unnecessary that+從句,都表示“某人有必要/沒必要做某事”,但接從句時,從句中的謂語動詞要用“should+動詞原形”,should可以省略。【相關(guān)鏈接】

              There is no need(for sb.) to do sth.(某人)沒有必要做某事。例如:

              There is no need to import so many cars now.

              現(xiàn)在沒有必要進口這么多汽車。改錯

              (1)He is necessary to get up early tomorrow morning.

              _____________________________________________________________________

              (2)It is no need to send more fire fighters because the fire has been put out.

              _____________________________________________________________________

              答案:

              (1)It is necessary for him to get up early tomorrow morning./It is necessary that he should get up early next morning.

              (2)It→There

              選擇

              (3)We have found _________ necessary to put away some money for old age.

              A.this

              B.which

              C.that

              D.it

              提示:it代替后面的不定式作形式賓語。

              答案:D

              (4)All agree that it is ____________ to bring in more foreign films in order to protect China’s film industry.

              A.necessary

              B.unnecessary

              C.no need

              D.much need

              提示:句中的不定式短語暗示“沒有必要進口更多的外國電影”,故使用unnecessary。

              答案:B

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