B4U2

　　1．Dr Yuan Longping grows what_is_called_super_hybrid_rice.

　　what is called super hybrid rice用做grows的賓語從句，，whatclause；而且what在從句中可用做主語、。the＋名詞＋定語從句”。

　　After a hard time they came to what is called America today.艱難的努力后他們來到了現在稱作美洲的地方。We now live in what is called the Information Age. 我們現在生活在所謂的信息時代。He graduated from what was called a key high school. 他畢業于一所所謂的重點高中。

　　[1]　(1)(2008·浙江卷)Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home. A．what　

　　B．that C．which

　　D．one

　　A

　　解析：句意：一些孩子想學習一門不同于家中父母所講的語言來挑戰自我。what引導名詞性從句，在句中做from的賓語。

　　(2)A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago. A．what

　　Bwhich C．that

　　Dwhere

　　答案：A

　　解析：該句意為：一座現代化的城市在十年前是一片廢墟的地方建立起來。

　　2．He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. (1)would rather 意為“寧愿，，， would rather 后加 not/never。—Shall we dine out? —I‘d rather stay at home. ——我們要不要出去吃飯？ ——我寧愿留在家里。

　　I‘d rather not tell anybody about it. 我不愿把這事告訴任何人。(2)would rather do sth. than do sth./would do sth. rather than do sth. 意為“寧愿做某事而不去做某事”。I would rather listen to others than talk myself. 我愿意聽別人說，。He would rather die than give in. 他寧死不屈。

　　(3)would rather have done sth. ，。I would rather have taken his advice yesterday. 我昨日要是聽了他的建議就好了。(4)would rather 后接 that從句時，。I would rather (that) he didn‘t come. 我寧愿他沒來。I’d rather you told me the truth. 我更愿意你給我講實話。

　　[2]　(1)Would you mind my using your computer for a little while? —______. A．No, please don't

　　BI'd rather you didn't C．I'm afraid not

　　DSure, it's my pleasure

　　答案：B

　　解析：考查交際用語。I'd rather you didn't. 常用來委婉拒絕別人的請求。

　　(2)I would rather ______ the football match last night with my friends; otherwise, I would have finished my paperwork by now. A．not have watched

　　Bnot watch C．hadn't watched

　　Dhaven't watched

　　答案：A

　　解析：考查 would rather (not)＋have done 意為“寧愿(未)做過某事”，表示后悔或遺憾。

　　2. would rather的用法

　　[應用2]　(1)－Did you say anything at the meeting? －Yes, but ______ it. A．Id rather not do B．Id rather not doing C．Id rather not have done D．Id rather not did

　　答案：C

　　解析：would rather not have done，表示“寧愿沒有做，而實際上做了”。

　　(2)－Would you rather ______ there tomorrow? －No. I’d rather he ______ there instead of me. A．to go; will go

　　Bgo; went C．go; will go

　　Dgoing; shall go

　　答案：B

　　解析：Would you rather do sth.？“你愿意做……嗎？”因此第一個空要用動詞原形；第二個空要用虛擬語氣，即would rather sb. did sth.“寧愿別人做……”。

　　(3)－Will you join us in playing cards? －Thank you, but ______ at the moment. A．Id like to not

　　B．I’m afraid so C．Id rather not

　　D．I’d better not to

　　答案：C

　　解析：A項中的not要放在to前才對；B項中的so要改為I can’t才對；D項中的to應去掉才對。

　　(4)－The final exam is coming. Would you mind my staying up late, going over my lessons? －I’d rather you ______. With the light on, I can’t fall asleep. A．dont

　　B．didn’t C．wont

　　D．haven’t

　　答案：B

　　解析：“would rather＋從句”時，從句的謂語動詞用過去時，選B。

　　B4U3

　　1．As Victor Hugo once said, Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”， and up_to_now_nobody has been able to do this better_than Charlie Chaplin. 維克多·雨果曾經說過，“笑容如陽光，驅走人們臉上的冬天”。關于這一點，直到今天也沒有人能比查理·卓別林做得更好。

　　(1)as在此引導定語從句，修飾后面整個句子，此時，定語從句的位置比較靈活，可放在句首、，，。

　　As all his friends agree, he was unusually warm－hearted, loving and generous. 正如他所有的朋友都認為的那樣，、、。I am as you can imagine short enough of money. 正如你所想象的那樣，。He was a teacher, as was clear from his manner. 正如根據他的舉止所斷定的，。

　　(2)up to now ，， until now, by now, so far 互換。Up to now, about 30 foreign companies have set up branches in this developing zone. 到現在為止，30家外國公司在這個開發區設立了分公司。They have raised more than $1 000 000 for this project up to now/until now/so far. 到目前為止，。

　　(3)..nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin. 當形容詞或副詞的比較級出現在否定句中時，。—I think students should have more of their own time. Don‘t you think so? 我認為學生應該有更多的屬于他們自己的時間。—I can’t agree more. (＝I completely agree.) 完全贊同。

　　[1]　—Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away? —Thank you. ______. A．It couldn‘t be better B．Of course you can C．If you like

　　DIt's up to you

　　答案：A

　　解析：It couldn't be better. “再好不過了”，相當于 It's the best.

　　2．Well, it certainly will be this morning，” the man said, “because I happen_to_be flying it！”“啊，那今天上午肯定要晚點了，”那人說，“因為碰巧我要駕駛那班飛機！”

　　happen to do/be 碰巧句型 Sb. happens to do sth.可以轉換成 It happens that sb. does sth.，。

　　When I went to see him, he happened to be away on holiday. (＝When I went to see him, it happened that he was away on holiday.) 我去看他時，。Joseph came to borrow my skiing boards yesterday, but I happened to have lent them to my cousin last week.(＝...but it happened that I lent them to my cousin last week.) 約瑟夫昨天來借滑雪板，。

　　[2]　When the bridge fell down, several cars happened ______ on it. A．to run

　　Brunning C．to be running

　　Dthat they were running

　　答案：C

　　解析：句意：那座橋坍塌時，正巧有好幾輛汽車正在上面行駛。happen to do 中不定式根據語境可選擇不同的形式。

　　3．The tramp, a poor and homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, wornout shoes and a_small_round_black_hat. 這個流浪漢，一個留著小胡子的窮苦的無家可歸的人，穿著大褲子、破鞋子，頭頂著黑色的小圓帽。

　　a small round black hat 中的 hat前有三個形容詞做定語，(冠詞、、、)＋數詞(序數詞、)＋描繪性形容詞(nice, good, interesting, beautiful...)＋特征形容詞(大小、、、、、)＋顏色形容詞＋國籍、、、。，。，。

　　all these last few years 所有這些逝去的歲月 ②some beautiful little red flowers 一些美麗的小紅花 ③the first beautiful white Chinese military jeep 第一輛漂亮的白色中國軍用吉普車

　　[即境活用3]　—Is it Jim who is driving the new car? —Probably. I know he has recently bought a ______ car. A．shiny black German

　　Bblack shiny German C．shiny German black

　　Dblack German shiny

　　答案：A

　　解析：考查形容詞的排列順序。

　　B4U4

　　Not_all_cultures greet each other the same way, nor_are_they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. 各種文化背景下人們互致問候的方式不盡相同，身體接觸和相互間距離的程度也并不一樣。

　　(1)not all...是部分否定， not構成部分否定的詞還有：both, every, everyone, everywhere, everybody, everything, always, entirely, wholly, altogether。Not every student passed the exam. 并非所有的學生都通過了考試。Not all of us can speak English. 并非我們都會說英語。none, nobody, neither, never, nothing, nowhere, no one, not at all。

　　(2)本句后半句是 nor 引起的倒裝句，nor ，。She doesn‘t like dance, nor does her sister. 她不喜歡跳舞，。not, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, little 等。 Never before has our country been as united as it is today. 我們國家從沒像現在這樣團結。

　　②含有否定意義的連詞置于句首，如： neither...nor, no sooner...than..., scarcely...when..., hardly...when...等。 No sooner had he left home than it began to rain. 他一出家門天就開始下雨。 ③含有否定意義的介詞短語置于句首，如： by no means, in no time, in no case, on no account等。 On no account must you accept any money against your conscience. 你無論如何不能違背自己的良心而得到錢財。

　　[即境活用]　(2008·遼寧卷)Bill wasn't happy about the delay of the report by John, and ______. A．I was neither

　　Bneither was I C．I was either

　　Deither was I

　　答案：B

　　解析：考查 neither 用于句首，倒裝。

　　1．Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you!

　　不管你喜歡哪一個，喜歡什么，總有一個主題公園適合你！

　　whichever和 whatever 的用法

　　(1)whichever 無論哪一個，任何一個。既可以引導名

　　詞性從句，也可引導讓步狀語從句。

　　no matter which (＝whichever) 只能引導讓步狀語

　　從句。

　　whatever 不管/無論什么。既可引導名詞性從句，

　　也可引導讓步狀語從句。

　　no matter what (＝whatever) 只能引導讓步狀語

　　從句。

　　whoever 無論誰，任何人。既可引導名詞性從句，也

　　可引導讓步狀語從句。

　　no matter who(＝whoever)只能引導讓步狀語從句。

　　① Take whatever you want.

　　你可以拿你想要的任何東西。(≠no matter what，引導賓語從句)

　　②The content is the same, whichever book you choose.

　　不管你選哪一本書，內容都是一樣的。(＝no matter which, 引導讓步狀語從句)

　　③ Whatever he does seems wrong in his father's eyes.

　　無論他做什么，在他父親看來都是錯的。(≠no matter what，引導主語從句)

　　④Whatever she does to him, he still loves her.

　　無論她怎樣對他，他都愛她。(＝no matter what，引導讓步狀語從句)

　　⑤Whoever (＝No matter who) asks him for advice, he is always ready to help.

　　不管誰來求助于他，。Whoever(≠No matter who) breaks the law should be punished. 任何犯法的人都該受到懲罰。

　　(2)“no matter＋wh－結構”只能引導讓步狀語從句，都可用相應的 wh－ever 代替。

　　no matter where＝wherever 無論哪里

　　no matter when＝whenever 無論何時

　　no matter how＝however 無論怎樣

　　① Come and see me whenever(＝ no matter when) it's convenient to you.

　　你何時方便，何時就來看我。

　　② Wherever (＝No matter where) you go, whatever (＝no matter what) you do and I will be right here waiting for you.無論你去何方，無論你做何事，我就在這兒等你。

　　③However (＝No matter how)

　　difficult it is, we must complete the task.

　　不論多么難，我們都要完成任務。

　　[即境活用1]　______team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.

　　A．No matter what B．No matter which

　　C．Whatever

　　D．Whichever

　　解析：whichever引導名詞性從句，在句中充當定語，此時不能換成 no matter which。句意為“無論哪個隊在周六獲勝都將直接參加全國錦標賽”。

　　答案：D

　　2．With all these attractions, no_wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland. 有這么多引人入勝的東西，難怪哪里有迪斯尼樂園，哪里的旅游業就會發展。

　　(It is) No wonder (that)．.. 難怪……；……并不奇怪

　　①(It is) No wonder you were late! 難怪你來晚了！

　　②(It is) No wonder that he was so tired!

　　難怪他這么累！

　　拓展：(1)It is a wonder that...

　　令人驚奇的是……

　　(2)What a wonder!

　　多么令人驚異！/真想不到！

　　(3)wonder ＋at/about 對……疑惑/奇怪

　　＋wh－從句

　　＋wh－＋to do奇怪；想知道

　　＋if...用于請求別人做某事

　　或請求對方許可，語氣委婉

　　①It is a wonder that he remained alive after dropping from the roof of a ten－storied building.

　　他從一幢十層樓的樓頂上摔下來，但仍然活著，真是一個奇跡。

　　②I wonder at his rudeness.

　　我對他的粗魯感到奇怪。

　　③He wondered why people built ugly houses, when they could have built beautiful ones.

　　他很奇怪為什么人們本可以造出漂亮的房屋，而偏偏建造出丑陋的房子來。

　　④She was wondering whether to go back or stay.

　　她不知是回去好還是留下來好。

　　⑤I wonder if you'll help me with the luggage.

　　我想知道你是否能幫我提這些行李。

　　[即境活用2]　He hasn't slept at all for three days. ______ he is tired out.

　　A．There is no point

　　B．There is no need

　　C．It is no wonder

　　D．There is no way

　　解析：由題意“他已經三天沒睡覺了。難怪他都累壞了”，選C。A“沒有意義”；B“沒有必要”；D“沒門”。

　　答案：C

　　3. ～ever與no matter wh～的用法

　　[應用3]　(1)(2008·全國Ⅰ)The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit ______ the season.

　　A．whatever

　　B．wherever

　　C．whenever

　　D．however

　　解析：句意：無論什么季節，這位律師除了一套西裝以外，很少穿其他的。whatever引導讓步狀語從句，whatever the season即whatever the season is。wherever“無論什么地方”；whenever“無論什么時候”；however“無論怎樣”，均不符合語境要求。

　　答案：A

　　(2)(2008·浙江)______ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.

　　A．Anyone

　　B．The one

　　C．Whoever

　　D．Who

　　解析：句意：任何一個想住在旅館里的人必須支付自己的費用。whoever此處引導名詞性從句，相當于anyone who。anyone和the one后少who, who引導定語從句，故被排除。

　　答案：C

　　(3)(2008·上海)______ well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.

　　A．However

　　B．Whatever

　　C．No matter

　　D．Although

　　解析：句意：無論你做的準備多么充分，在爬山時，你仍會需要很多運氣。however well prepared you are＝no matter how well prepared you are，引導讓步狀語從句。