話題詞匯

　　1．literature n．文學

　　2．mystery story怪誕小說

　　3．science fiction科幻小說

　　4．writing career寫作生涯

　　5．come out/be published出版

　　6．attend school上學

　　7．drop out輟學

　　8．be translated into...被翻譯為……

　　9．adapt...for...把……改編為……

　　10．the Nobel Prize in literature諾貝爾文學獎

　　經典語篇根據提示用英語介紹二十世紀杰出的女性之一：海倫·凱勒(Helen Keller)。

　　內容要點如下：

　　1．海倫·凱勒：1880年6月出生于美國。她19個月大時，由于生病變得又聾又盲。從此她就生活在黑暗、寂靜的世界里。

　　2．七歲時，她的父母給她找了一名老師——Miss Sullivan。Miss Sullivan在教海倫的過程中遇到了許多困難。由于海倫的堅強意志和智慧以及Miss Sullivan的技巧和耐心，她們克服了種種困難，取得了成功。

　　3．她完成了大學教育，獲得了英語文學學位；致力于盲聾兒童的社會工作；著有多本著作，其中《我的一生》(The Story of My Life)最為著名。

　　注意：1.介紹須包括所有內容要點，但不要逐條翻譯；

　　2．可以適當增加細節，以使內容連貫；

　　3．詞數100左右。

　　參考詞匯：意志和智慧will and intelligence；技巧和耐心skill and patience；英語文學學位a degree in English literature

　　佳作欣賞

　　Helen Keller was one of the greatest women in the 20th century.① She was born in America in June,1880.② When she was nineteen months old，she became blind and deaf because of a serious illness.From then on she lived in darkness and silence.

　　Her parents were greatly worried.When she was seven，they found a teacher，Miss Sullivan，for her.Miss Sullivan had a lot of difficulties in teaching Helen Keller，who was blind and deaf.With Helen’s strong will and intelligence，combined with her teacher’s skill and patience，they overcame all the difficulties.③ Helen Keller became an able student and graduated from a college.She finally received a university degree in English literature.Later on she devoted all herself to helping the blind and deaf children.She wrote many books and The Story of My Life is a remarkable one.④

　　思維發散

　　1．用分詞結構連接第①、②句

　　Born in America in June,1880，Helen Keller was one of the greatest women in the 20th century.

　　2．用強調句型改寫第③句

　　It was with Helen’s strong will and intelligence，combined with her teacher’s skill and patience，that they overcame all the difficulties.

　　3．用非限制性定語從句改寫第④句

　　She wrote many books, among which The Story of My Life is a remarkable one.

　　Ⅰ.重點單詞

　　A．寫作單詞

　　1．witness (v.)目擊

　　(n.)目擊者

　　2．occur (vi.)發生

　　3．tremble (vi.)顫抖，發抖

　　4．particularly (adv.)特別地；特定地

　　particular (adj.)特別的

　　5．loss (n.)遺失，丟失

　　6．gather (vi.&vt.)聚集

　　7．burst (vi.)爆炸；闖，沖

　　8．sorrow (n.)悲傷，難過

　　9．discourage (vt.)使泄氣，使灰心

　　10．former (adj.)以前的

　　11．eager (adj.)渴望的，熱衷的

　　12．gradual (adj.)逐漸的

　　gradually (adv.)逐漸地

　　13．breakthrough (n.)突破，重大發現

　　14．tense (adj.)緊張的

　　tension (n.)緊張

　　B．閱讀單詞

　　15．abandon (vt.)放棄，遺棄

　　(n.)放任，放縱

　　16．preserve (vt.)保護，保存

　　preservation (n.)保護；保養

　　17．sympathy (n.)同情

　　18．specific (adj.)詳細的；特定的

　　19．significance (n.)重要性；意義

　　significant (adj.)重要的；重大的；顯著的

　　20．vivid (adj.)生動的，逼真的

　　21．abnormal (adj.)反常的，不正常的

　　normal (adj.)正常的

　　22．admirable (adj.)令人欽佩的

　　admire (vt.)欽佩

　　23．severe (adj.)嚴重的；嚴厲的

　　24．restriction (n.)限制，約束

　　restrict (vt.)限制，限定

　　25．unbearable (adj.)不能忍受的

　　bearable (adj.)可忍受的

　　bear (vi.)容忍，忍受

　　26．stubborn (adj.)倔強的，固執的

　　27．troublesome (adj.)引起麻煩的

　　28．precious (adj.)寶貴的，珍貴的

　　29．expand (v.)擴大，擴充

　　expansion (n.)擴張

　　30．complex (adj.)復雜的

　　31．apparent (adj.)明顯的，顯而易見的

　　apparently (adv.)明顯地，顯而易見地

　　32．applaud (vi.&vt.)鼓掌

　　applause (n.)鼓掌；掌聲；喝彩

　　33．suffering (n.)痛苦，困難

　　suffer (v.)遭受；受難

　　Ⅱ.重點短語

　　1．come into view出現

　　2．knock sb.over撞倒某人

　　3．once upon a time從前

　　4．block out堵住

　　5．in a way從某種程度上說

　　6．on one’s side側身

　　7．on the way to在去……的路上

　　8．pay rise增加工資

　　9．split up(使)解散；決裂

　　10．name...after以……的名字給某人/某物命名

　　11．come across偶然遇見

　　12．hold up支撐起

　　13．count on依靠

　　14．figure out理解，弄清楚

　　15．end up以……結束，以……告終

　　16．in particular特別，尤其

　　17．put up with容忍，忍受

　　18．now that既然

　　Ⅲ.經典句式

　　1．Another man，lying on his side，looks as if he is trying to get up.

　　躺在他旁邊的另一個人看上去好像在試圖站立起來。

　　2．Now that Helen understood the key to language，she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.

　　既然海倫理解了語言之謎，她非常渴望學習更多的詞語并且盡可能多地使用它們。

　　3．Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it.

　　她的話使我感到非常困惑，因為那時我若不用手去摸，我就什么都不理解。

　　4．It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn’t touch.

　　這是海倫第一次理解這么復雜的單詞——一個代表她觸碰不到的東西的單詞。

　　5．Uncertain about how to fix them，she stopped to think carefully.

　　不能確定如何修理它們，她停下來仔細思考。

　　Ⅳ.課文語法填空

　　Around the end of the first century AD，a Roman writer 1.called(call) Pliny wrote about a volcanic eruption that he had witnessed 2.as a young man.The eruption had occurred on August 24th,79 AD.The tragedy left a deep impression 3.on Pliny who had lost an uncle in the event.4.However，more than 1,600 years later，some scientists started 5.uncovering(cover) the lost towns that were buried under the ashes of Mount Vesuvius.Pompeii is like a “time capsule” 6.preserving(preserve) a frozen moment in history.7.Before the eruption occurred，it had been a booming Roman city with temples，markets，restaurants and theatres.Today you can visit these buildings by walking along the 8.original(origin) streets of the city.And 9.more than 250 years after scientists found the city，thousands of tourists and hundreds of scientists visit Pompeii every year 10.to learn(learn) more about the ancient world.

　　1

　　abandon v.放棄?stop doing?；遺棄，拋棄?leave?；沉湎于；n.放任；放縱?an uncontrolled way of behaving?

　　[應試指導]　(1)后跟動名詞；(2)過去分詞作定語的考查

　　?1?abandon oneself to...縱情；沉溺于……

　　abandon doing...放棄做……

　　?2?with abandon放縱地；盡情地

　　?3?abandoned adj.被拋棄的；廢棄的

　　(1)The authorities have abandoned any attempt to distribute food.

　　當局中止了分發食物的嘗試。

　　(2)We are scared to abandon ourselves to our feelings in case we seem weak or out of control.

　　我們不敢放縱自己的情感，以免顯得太過軟弱或失去控制。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)單句語法填空

　　①From James’s face，I could see he was terrified of being abandoned(abandon) by us.

　　②They were so excited that they jumped and shouted with abandon.

　　③Finally，we ended up in an abandoned(abandon) village.

　　④My doctor advised me to abandon smoking(smoke)．

　　(2)同義句改寫

　　He abandoned himself to the Internet games and didn’t pass the exam.

　　①Abandoning himself to the Internet games，he didn’t pass the exam.(用現在分詞短語作狀語改寫)

　　②Abandoned to the Internet games，he didn’t pass the exam.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)

　　2

　　preserve vt.維護；保留；保存；保護?keep or save?；n.保護區

　　?1?preserve...from/against...保護……免受……

　　be well preserved保存得很好

　　?2?in good preservation處于良好的保存狀態

　　(1)We will do everything to preserve peace.

　　我們會盡全力維護和平。

　　(2)Pantanal is one of the world’s great wildlife preserves.

　　潘塔納爾是世界上最大的野生動物保護區之一。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)單句語法填空

　　①They were determined to preserve their leader from/against harm.

　　②At that time it was difficult to have one’s body preserved(preserve) after his or her death.

　　(2)完成句子

　　①I think these traditional customs should be preserved(應該受到保護)．

　　②No one could preserve him from(保護他免受) such a fate.He deserved it.

　　③—The town is so beautiful！I just love it.

　　—Me too.The character of the town is well preserved(保存得很完好)．

　　3

　　witness v.當場看到，目擊；見證?see sth.happen?；為……的證據；n.目擊者；證人?a person who sees sth.happen?；證據?evidence?

　　[應試指導]　無生命名詞作主語時的寫作詞匯

　　?1?witness to doing...為……作證；出庭證明；證實

　　?2?a witness to...……的證人?證據?

　　bear/give witness to/against為……作證；證明

　　?a? witness for作證；為……辯護

　　(1)Police are appealing to any driver who may have witnessed the accident.

　　警方正呼吁曾目睹這起事故的司機協助。

　　(2)The Sichuan earthquake gave witness to the kindness of strangers in an emergency.

　　四川大地震見證了危難中的那些素不相識者的善舉。

　　(3)He made a poor witness for himself.

　　他為自己做軟弱的辯護。

　　多維訓練

　　單句語法填空

　　(1)He witnessed to having seen(see) the man enter the room.

　　(2)His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment.

　　(3)The past ten years has witnessed(witness) a boom in economy in my hometown，as a result of which people here are enjoying a far better life than before.

　　4

　　occur vi.發生?happen?；存在?exist?；出現；?想法?產生?come into one’s mind?

　　[多詞一義]　occur，happen，come about，take place

　　sth.occurs to sb.某人突然想起某事；某人發生某事,It occurs to sb.that.../to do...某人突然想起……

　　(1)The crash occurred only minutes after the plane took off.

　　空難在飛機起飛幾分鐘后就發生了。

　　(2)Didn’t it occur to you that he was lying?

　　你當時沒想到他在撒謊嗎？

　　[特別提醒]

　　表示“某人想起……”的短語還有：sth.strike/hit sb.，sb.hit/strike on sth.，sth.come to sb.，sth.come into one’s mind等。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)單句語法填空

　　①An idea occurred to me.

　　②An idea came into my mind.

　　③I hit/struck on an idea.

　　④It suddenly occurred to me that I hadn’t locked my door.

　　(2)單句改錯

　　①A brilliant idea was occurred to me.去掉was

　　②When did the accident occur to？去掉to

　　5

　　burst v．爆炸；爆裂(to break apart)；脹開(to break open)；沖，闖；突然出現(appear suddenly)；n.突發；爆破；爆裂

　　burst in/into突然闖進；破門而入

　　burst out突然迸發；爆發；突然激動地喊叫

　　burst out doing...＝burst into＋n.突然做某事

　　burst with anger/joy勃然大怒/樂不可支

　　(1)The police burst in and arrested the thief.

　　警察突然闖進房間，逮捕了小偷。

　　(2)Much to my surprise，she burst into tears the instant she read the letter.

　　讓我吃驚的是，她一讀到這封信，就突然大哭起來。(2024·河南方城一中月考)

　　多維訓練

　　(1)完成句子

　　①He felt he would burst with anger and shame.

　　他惱羞成怒，都要氣炸了。

　　②When the school bus arrived at the zoo，the bus door burst open and all the children rushed out.

　　當校車抵達動物園時，汽車的門突然打開，孩子們沖了出去。(2024·湖北重點高中高三期中)

　　(2)同義句改寫

　　Hearing the interesting story，all the people present burst into laughter.

　　Hearing the interesting story，all the people present burst out laughing.(2024·天津耀華中學高三期末)

　　6

　　discourage vt.使泄氣，使灰心

　　[多詞一義]　discourage sb.from doing...，prevent sb.from doing...，keep sb.from doing...，stop sb.from doing...

　　?1?discourage doing sth.阻止做某事

　　discourage sb.from doing sth.勸阻/阻止/不鼓勵某人做某事

　　?2?discouraged adj.泄氣的，沮喪的，灰心喪氣的

　　?3?discouraging adj.令人泄氣的，令人沮喪的

　　?4?discouragement n.勸阻；泄氣，使人泄氣的事，挫折，氣餒

　　(1)I knew that nothing would ever discourage him；he would never give up wanting to be a director.