高考壓軸沖刺練 五

　　限時50分鐘

　　Ⅰ. 閱讀理解

　　(2024·嘉興二模)

　　“I never did hate the Yankees(北方佬). All that I hated was the war. . . ”That’s how my great-aunt Bettie began her story. I heard it many times as a child, whenever my family visited Aunt Bettie in the old house in Berryville, Virginia.

　　Bettie Van Metre had good reasons to hate the Civil War. Her brother was killed at Gettysburg, and her husband, James, a Confederate(南方聯盟軍)officer, was taken prisoner and sent to an unknown prison camp somewhere.

　　One day in late September, Dick came to Bettie reporting that he had found a wounded Union soldier in a farmhouse half a mile away from the Van Metre home. When talking about her first sight of the man in the blood-spotted blue uniform, she always used the same words. “It was like walking into a nightmare: Those awful bandages, that terrible smell. ”She went out into the cool air, trying not to be sick at the thought of that smashed right hand, that missing left leg.

　　The man’s papers Bettie found in the farmhouse showed his identity: Henry Bedell, 30 years old. She knew that she should report the presence of this Union officer to the Confederate army, but she wouldn’t. This is how she explained it: “I kept wondering if he had a wife somewhere, hoping, and not knowing—just as I was. It seemed to me that the only thing that mattered was to get her husband back to her. ”

　　Slowly, patiently, skillfully, Aunt Bettie fanned the spark of life in Henry Bedell. Of drugs or medicines she had almost none. And she was not willing to take any from the few supplies at the Confederate hospital. But she did the best she could with what she had.

　　The October nights in the valley grew cold. With the help of Dick and his wife, she moved the Union officer at night, to a hidden room above the warm kitchen of her own home. But the next day, Bedell had a high fever. Knowing that she must get help, she went to her family doctor, Graham Osborne. Dr. Osborne examined Bedell and said, “there was little hope unless proper medicines could be found. ”

　　“I’ll get them from the Yankees at Harpers Ferry. ”Bettie said. The doctor told her that Harpers Ferry was almost 20 miles away. Even if she reached them, the Yankees would never believe her. “I’ll take a proof, ”Bettie said. She found a blood-spotted paper bearing the official War Department seal(印章). “When I show it, they’ll believe me. ”

　　Early the next morning she set off with a list of medical items. For five hours she drove, stopping only to rest her horse. The sun was almost down when she finally stood before the general at Harpers Ferry. The general listened, but did not believe her. “Madam, ”he said, “Bedell’s death was reported to us. ”“He’s alive, ”Bettie insisted. “But he won’t be much longer unless he has the medicines on that list. ”“Well, ”the general turned to a junior officer, “See that Mrs Van Metre gets the supplies. ”

　　With the medicines, Bedell gradually recovered. Ten days later he was walking with sticks. “I’d better go back as soon as possible. ”Bedell told Bettie. So it was arranged that Dick should help Bettie deliver Bedell to Harpers Ferry in his wagon. Bedell lay down in a box filled with hay, his rifle and sticks beside him.

　　At Harpers Ferry, the soldiers were amazed when the Union officer with the missing leg rose from his hay-filled box. Bedell told the story to Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, who wrote a letter of thanks to Bettie and signed an order to free James Van Metre. It was arranged for Bedell to go with Bettie as she searched for her husband. Records showed that James Van Metre had been sent to a prison camp in Ohio. Then at Fort Delaware, near the end of the line of prisoner, a tall man stepped out and walked clumsily into Bettie’s arms. Bettie held him, tears streaming down her face. And Henry Bedell, standing by on his sticks, wept, too.

　　【文章大意】本文講述了作者的姨媽因為救了在美國國內戰爭中一位受傷的軍官, 從而得到了釋放自己丈夫的機會, 和丈夫得以團聚的故事。

　　1. What might be Bettie’s tone when she used the underlined sentence(Para. 3)to describe the first sight of Henry Bedell?

　　A. Pessimistic. B. Desperate.

　　C. Shocked.

　　D. Sympathetic.

　　【解析】選C。觀點態度題。根據“It was like walking into a nightmare: Those awful bandages, that terrible smell. ”可知當時那位軍官的情況令人震驚。

　　2. Why wouldn’t Bettie report the presence of Bedell to the Confederate army?

　　A. Because she felt it her responsibility to save soldiers of the Union.

　　B. Because she wanted to save Bedell so that her husband could be freed.

　　C. Because Bedell was more a suffering human being than an enemy to Bettie.

　　D. Because Bedell begged Bettie not to give him away to the Confederate army.

　　【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“I kept wondering if he had a wife somewhere, hoping, and not knowing—just as I was. It seemed to me that the only thing that mattered was to get her husband back to her. ”可知她感同身受。

　　3. Dr. Osborne thought it was______for Bettie Van Metre to drive to Harpers Ferry for the medicines.

　　A. crazy

　　　B. kind　C. brave　D. smart

　　【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據倒數第四段中的Even if she reached them, the Yankees would never believe her. 可知。

　　4. Still recovering, Henry Bedell decided to leave as soon as possible mainly because______.

　　A. he was eager to return to the Union to fight

　　B. he didn’t want to go on putting Bettie in danger

　　C. he was concerned about his safety at Bettie’s home

　　D. he could be treated with better medicines back to Harpers Ferry

　　【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據第六段中With the help of Dick and his wife, she moved the Union officer at night, to a hidden room above the warm kitchen of her own home. 可知Bettie一直在藏那位軍官不被發現。所以那位軍官是怕連累好人。

　　5. Rearrange the following statements in terms of time order.

　　a. Bettie’s husband was found and freed.

　　b. Bettie helped deliver Bedell back to Harpers Ferry.

　　c. Bettie moved Bedell to a safe and warm room in her own house.

　　d. Bettie drove all the way to Harpers Ferry to get the medicines for Bedell.

　　e. In spite of being short of medicines, Bettie attended to Bedell with what she had.

　　f. Bettie saw Bedell in a farmhouse half a mile away from her house for the first time.

　　A. f, e, c, b, d, a

　　B. f, c, e, d, b, a

　　C. f, e, c, d, b, a

　　D. f, c, e, b, d, a

　　【解析】選C。細節理解題。根據文章的敘述過程可知選C。]

　　6. What message is conveyed through the end of the story?

　　A. Giving is a reward in itself.

　　B. Happiness comes from giving.

　　C. Help yourself by helping others.

　　D. God helps those who help themselves.

　　【解析】選C。主旨大意題。文章講述了作者的姨媽因為救了在美國國內戰爭中一位受傷的軍官, 從而得到了釋放自己丈夫的機會, 和丈夫得以團聚的故事, 這就是助人者自助。

　　I had an experience some years ago which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves. One January, I had to conduct two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community. Both had died “full of years”, as the Bible would say; both yielded to the normal wearing out of the body after a long and full life. Their homes happened to be near each other, so I paid condolence(吊唁)calls on the two families on the same afternoon.

　　At the first home, the son of the dead woman said to me, “If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today. It’s my fault that she died. ”At the second home, the son of the other dead woman said, “If only I hadn’t insisted on my mother’s going to Florida, she would be alive today. That long airplane ride, the abrupt change of climate, was more than she could take. It’s my fault that she’s dead. ”

　　When things don’t turn out as we would like them to, it is very tempting to assume that had we done things differently, the story would have had a happier ending. Priests(牧師)know that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out badly, they believe that the opposite course—keeping mother at home, delaying the operation would have turned out better. After all, how could it have turned out any worse?

　　There seem to be two elements involved in our readiness to feel guilty. The first is our pressing need to believe that the world makes sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens. That leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds.

　　The second element is the concept that we are the cause of what happens, especially the bad things that happen. It seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believing that every disaster is our fault. The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood. Psychologists speak of the infantile(幼兒的)myth of omnipotence(萬能). A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and orders the rest of the world to its tasks. He cries, and someone comes to attend to him. When he is hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we do not completely outgrow that infantile concept that our wishes cause things to happen.

　　【文章大意】本文通過兩位老人去世, 兒子都把責任歸咎于自己。告訴我們世界上發生的所有事情都是有自己的因果關系, 沒有必要為此感覺內疚。

　　7. What is said about the two dead elderly women?

　　A. They lived out a natural life.

　　B. They died of exhaustion after the long plane ride.

　　C. They weren’t accustomed to the change of weather.

　　D. They died due to lack of care by family members.

　　【解析】選A。細節理解題。根據第一段第三句Both had died“full of years”, as the Bible would say. 說明她們都是自然死亡的, 年齡都已經很大了。

　　8. The author had to conduct the two women’s funerals probably because______.

　　A. he wanted to comfort the two families

　　B. he was an official from the community

　　C. he had great sympathy for the dead

　　D. he was priest of the local church

　　【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據第一段第二句One January, I had to conduct two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community. 推斷出這兩個葬禮要“我”主持, 是因為“我”是教堂里的牧師。

　　9. People feel guilty for the deaths of their loved ones because______.

　　A. they couldn’t find a better way to express their deep sorrow

　　B. they believe that they were responsible

　　C. they had overlooked the natural course of events

　　D. they didn’t know things often turn out in the opposite direction

　　【解析】選B。細節理解題。根據第三段第二句Priests know that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. 說明他們都認為自己對于親人的去世是負有責任的。

　　10. In the context of the passage, the sentence“. . . the world makes sense”(Para. 4)probably means that______.

　　A. everything in the world is decided in advance

　　B. the world can be interpreted in different ways

　　C. there’s an explanation for everything in the world

　　D. we have to be sensible in order to understand the world

　　【解析】選C。句意猜測題。根據第四段第二句后半句that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens. 說明世界上的每一個事物都有自己的原因和結果, 每件事情的發生都有自己的理由。

　　11. People have been made to believe since infancy that______.

　　A. everybody is at their command

　　B. life and death is an unsolved mystery

　　C. every story should have a happy ending

　　D. their wishes are the cause of everything that happens

　　【解析】選D。細節理解題。根據文章最后一句Very often, we do not completely outgrow that infantile concept that our wishes cause things to happen. 可知選D。

　　Ⅱ. 短文改錯

　　下面短文中有10處語言錯誤。請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。

　　增加: 在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧), 并在其下面寫上該加的詞。

　　刪除: 把多余的詞用斜線()畫掉。

　　修改: 在錯的詞下畫一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞。

　　注意: 1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;

　　2. 只允許修改10處, 多者(從第11處起)不計分。

　　My plane was an hour late when it landed at Kansas City International Airport. Standing right next to my luggages, I wondered how I should do in case no one would turn up to meet us. On the one hand, I wish this wouldn’t happen. On the other hand, I was secret excited about the possibility of having to find out my own way around this strange place. A tall white guy in brown hair and blue eyes walked towards me with big smile on his face. “Are you Xuedan? ”he asked in not very good Chinese.

　　That was Marc, a member of a church group attached to the University in some strange way. He was very nice to me, told me all the stories about buildings and places along the road back to the city. Forty minutes late, we arrived at a small house. 　

　　答案:

　　My plane was an hour late when it landed at Kansas City International Airport. Standing right next to my luggages, I wondered how I should do in case no one

　　luggage

　　what

　　would turn up to meet us. On the one hand, I wish this wouldn’t happen. On the

　　me

　　wished

　　other hand, I was secret excited about the possibility of having to find out my own

　　secretly

　　way around this strange place. A tall white guy in brown hair and blue eyes walked

　　with

　　towards me with ∧big smile on his face. “Are you Xuedan?” he asked in not very

　　a

　　good Chinese. That was Marc, a member of a church group attached to the University in some strange way. He was very nice to me, told me all the stories about buildings

　　telling

　　and places along the road back to the city. Forty minutes late, we arrived at a small

　　later

　　house.

　　1. 【解析】第二句中的luggages→luggage。考查名詞。luggage是不可數名詞。

　　2. 【解析】第二句中的how→what。考查賓語從句。what引導賓語從句, 在從句中作do的賓語。

　　3. 【解析】第二句中的us→me。考查代詞。主語是I, 賓語應該是I的賓格。

　　4. 【解析】第三句中的wish→wished。考查時態。整篇文章的時態是過去時, 故用一般過去時。

　　5. 【解析】第四句中的secret→secretly。考查副詞。修飾分詞形容詞, 用副詞。

　　6. 【解析】第四句中的out去掉。考查動詞。find out“弄清”; “發現, 找到”是find。