細(xì)節(jié)理解題

　　(一)題干定位

　　(2024·全國(guó)Ⅰ，A)

　　Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum

　　Our monthly talks start at 19：30 on the first Thursday of each month except August.Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book.They end around 21：00.

　　November 7th

　　The Canal Pioneers，by Chris Lewis.James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building.Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”．

　　December 5th

　　Ice for the Metropolis，by Malcolm Tucker.Well before the arrival of freezers，there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells，and how London's ice trade grew.

　　February 6th

　　An Update on the Cotswold Canals，by Liz Payne.The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer.We will have a report on the present state of play.

　　March_6th

　　Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands，by Miranda Vickers.The Thames has many islands.Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them.She will tell us about those of greatest interest.

　　Online bookings：www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book

　　More info：www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson

　　London Canal Museum

　　12-13 New Wharf Road，London NI 9RT

　　www.canalmuseum.org.uk　www.canalmuseum.mobi

　　Tel：020 7713 0836

　　文章大意：本文是一則關(guān)于倫敦運(yùn)河博物館月度講座安排的廣告。

　　1．When is the talk on James Brindley?

　　A．February 6th. B．March 6th.

　　C．November 7th. D．December 5th.

　　答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. 和最后一句可知克里斯·劉易斯的講座內(nèi)容和詹姆斯·布林德利有關(guān)，此講座對(duì)應(yīng)的日期是November 7th，故選C項(xiàng)。

　　2．What is the topic of the talk in February?

　　A．The Canal Pioneers.

　　B．Ice for the Metropolis.

　　C．Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands.

　　D．An Update on the Cotswold Canals.

　　答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題目中的February定位到第四段，該日期對(duì)應(yīng)的講座是本段的第一句An Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne.故選D項(xiàng)。

　　3．Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames?

　　A．Miranda Vickers. B．Malcolm Tucker.

　　C．Chris Lewis. D．Liz Payne.

　　答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers.可知應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

　　(二)同義互現(xiàn)

　　(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ·D)

　　Choose Your One-Day Tours!

　　Tour A—Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge—￡37 until 26 March and ￡39 thereafter.

　　Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey，the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum.Stonehenge is one of the world's most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.

　　Tour B—Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's house—￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter.

　　Oxford：Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges.Look over the “city of dreaming spires(尖頂)”from St Mary's Church Tower.Stratford：Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.

　　Tour C—Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace—￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter.

　　Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court，Henry Ⅷ's favourite palace.Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included)．With 500 years of history，Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.Visit the palace and its various historic gardens，which include the famous maze(迷宮)where it is easy to get lost!

　　Tour D—Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great—￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter.

　　Includes a guided tour of Cambridge，the famous university town，and the gardens of the 18th century.

　　文章大意：本文向我們介紹了英國(guó)境內(nèi)一日游的四條路線，其中包括每條路線的價(jià)格。

　　4．Which tour will you choose if you want to see England's oldest university city?

　　A．Tour A. B．Tour B.

　　C．Tour C. D．Tour D.

　　答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的England's oldest university可以定位到原文Tour B中Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges.可直接鎖定答案，故選B項(xiàng)。

　　5．Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?

　　A．Windsor Castle & Hampton Court.

　　B．Oxford & Stratford.

　　C．Bath & Stonehenge.

　　D．Cambridge.

　　答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)每一部分的價(jià)格可知：3月17日Tour A為37英鎊，Tour B為36英鎊，Tour C為37英鎊，Tour D為33英鎊，故選D項(xiàng)。

　　6．Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?

　　A．It used to be the home of royal families.

　　B．It used to be a well-known maze.

　　C．It is the oldest palace in Britain.

　　D．It is a world-famous castle.

　　答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的Hampton Court和a major tourist attraction可以定位到Tour C，根據(jù)Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.可知，Hampton Court成為著名旅游景點(diǎn)是因?yàn)樗^去是皇家之地，故選A項(xiàng)。

　　(三)語義轉(zhuǎn)換

　　(2024·山東·A)

　　One morning, Ann's neighbor Tracy found a lost dog wandering around the local elementary school.She asked Ann if she could keep an eye on the dog.Ann said that she could watch it only for the day.

　　Tracy took photos of the dog and printed off 400 FOUND fliers(傳單), and put them in mailboxes.Meanwhile, Ann went to the dollar store and bought some pet supplies, warning her two sons not to fall in love with the dog.At the time, Ann's son Thomas was 10 years old, and Jack, who was recovering from a heart operation, was 21 years old.

　　Four days later Ann was still looking after the dog, whom they had started to call Riley.When she arrived home from work, the dog threw itself against the screen door and barked madly at her.As soon as she opened the door, Riley dashed into the boys' room where Ann found Jack suffering a heart attack.Riley ran over to Jack, but as soon as Ann bent over to help him the dog went silent.

　　“If it hadn't come to get me, the doctor said Jack would have died，” Ann reported to a local newspaper.At this point, no one had called to claim the dog, so Ann decided to keep it.

　　The next morning Tracy got a call.A man named Peter recognized his lost dog and called the number on the flier.Tracy started crying, and told him, “That dog saved my friend's son.”

　　Peter drove to Ann's house to pick up his dog, and saw Thomas and Jack crying in the window.After a few moments Peter said, “Maybe Odie was supposed to find you, maybe you should keep it.”

　　文章大意：本文講述了一只走失的狗和收留它的人家之間發(fā)生的感人故事。

　　7．What did Tracy do after finding the dog?

　　A．She looked for its owner.

　　B．She gave it to Ann as a gift.

　　C．She sold it to the dollar store.

　　D．She bought some food for it.

　　答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Tracy took photos of the dog and printed off 400 FOUND fliers, and put them in mailboxes.”可知，Tracy拍了狗的照片，并且印了400份招領(lǐng)傳單來尋找狗的主人。

　　8．How did the dog help save Jack?

　　A．By breaking the door for Ann.

　　B．By leading Ann to Jack's room.

　　C．By dragging Jack out of the room.

　　D．By attending Jack when Ann was out.

　　答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“When she arrived home from work, ...where Ann found Jack suffering a heart attack.”狗通過撞門并且瘋狂大叫引起Ann的注意，然后又沖進(jìn)孩子們的房間，讓Ann及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了生病的杰克。

　　9．What was Ann's attitude to the dog according to Paragraph 4?

　　A．Sympathetic. B．Doubtful.

　　C．Tolerant. D．Grateful.

　　答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第四段中的“If it hadn't come to get me, the doctor said Jack would have died”為虛擬語氣的表達(dá)，意為：如果它(狗)沒有來找我，醫(yī)生說杰克可能已經(jīng)死了。Ann的話充滿了對(duì)這只狗的感激之情。

　　10．For what purpose did Peter call Tracy?

　　A．To help her friend's son.

　　B．To interview Tracy.

　　C．To take back his dog.

　　D．To return the flier to her.

　　答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文Tracy發(fā)出了招領(lǐng)傳單，而在第五段中“A man named Peter recognized his lost dog and called the number on the flier.”彼得認(rèn)出了他丟失的狗，所以打了電話。

　　11．What can we infer about the dog from the last paragraph?

　　A．It would be given to Odie.

　　B．It would be kept by Ann's family.

　　C．It would be returned to Peter.

　　D．It would be taken away by Tracy.

　　答案：B　推理判斷題。在最后一段中，當(dāng)彼得看到兩個(gè)孩子的反應(yīng)時(shí)，他的話暗示了他的Odie(寵物狗)就應(yīng)該由Ann及她的孩子們飼養(yǎng)。

　　(四)查讀分析

　　(2024·湖北·C)

　　Hilversum is a medium-sized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland, the Netherlands. Unlike most of the Netherlands，Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand.Once called the Garden of Amsterdam，it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests. They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness.For Dutch people, Hilversum is all about textile(紡織) and media industries，and modern architecture.

　　In history, Hilversum was largely an agricultural area.Daily life was marked by farming, sheep raising and wool production.A railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum.They built themselves large villas(別墅)in the wooded surroundings of the town.One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers，currently the wealthiest family of the Netherlands.They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum.But the textile boom lasted only several decades.The last factory closed in the 1960s.

　　The change to a media economy started in 1920，when the Nederlandse Seintoestellen Fabriek(NSF) established a radio factory in Hilversum.Most radio stations settled in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town.Television gave another push to the local economy.Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands，and Dutch television stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town.

　　In the early 1900s，modern architects W．M.Dudok and J．Duiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in Hilversum.These modern architectural masterpieces(杰作) are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum.Dudok alone shaped most of 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings still bear his unique characteristies.His masterpiece.Hilversum Town Hall，was built in 1928-1931.It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks.The building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of “blocks”．Actually，one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or biking the W．M.Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum.

　　文章大意：本文講述了荷蘭的中等城市希爾弗瑟姆在紡織業(yè)、傳媒業(yè)和現(xiàn)代建筑上的歷史變遷。

　　12．Hilversurn is different from most of the Netherlands in that ________.

　　A．it has a large population

　　B．it is cut off from big cities

　　C．it has many beautiful gardens

　　D．it is in a hilly area with sandy soil

　　答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句可知，與荷蘭大部分地區(qū)不同，希爾弗瑟姆實(shí)際上位于一片主要為沙地的山區(qū)。故選D項(xiàng)。

　　13．What was the greatest contribution of the Brenninkmeijers to Hilversum?

　　A．Building a railway link to Amsterdam.

　　B．Helping its textile industry to develop.

　　C．Constructing large villas for the poor.

　　D．Assisting its agricultural industry.

　　答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段倒數(shù)第三句可知，布倫寧克邁耶家族在紡織業(yè)取得巨大成功后遷入希爾弗瑟姆并在那資助了大量的紡織廠，故B項(xiàng)正確。他們并沒有資助農(nóng)業(yè)，故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)文章第二段第三句可知，1874年建成的連接阿姆斯特丹的鐵路吸引了來自阿姆斯特丹的有錢的貿(mào)易商，故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)文章第二段第四句可知，有錢貿(mào)易商為自己在小鎮(zhèn)的樹林里建了大型的別墅，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

　　14．The beginning of the media industry in Hilversum was marked by the establishment of ________.

　　A．a(chǎn) radio factory B．the media capital

　　C．a(chǎn) radio station D．a(chǎn) TV station

　　答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句可知，當(dāng)NSF在希爾弗瑟姆建立無線電廠時(shí)，傳媒經(jīng)濟(jì)就于1920年開始了。故選A項(xiàng)。

　　15．What is known about W．M.Dudok's Hilversum Town Hall?

　　A．It consists of approximately 75 buildings.

　　B．It looks like an open air museum in the city.

　　C．It is a classic example in architecture textbooks.

　　D．It has shaped most of 20th century Hilversum.

　　答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第一句及第三句可知，杜伊克和杜多克在希爾弗瑟姆建了數(shù)百棟舉世矚目的大樓，大約有75棟大樓仍然有杜多克獨(dú)特的建筑風(fēng)格，故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)文章第四段第二句可知，有這么多現(xiàn)代建筑杰作，希爾弗瑟姆感覺像一個(gè)露天的藝術(shù)博物館，故B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)文章第四段第三句可知，杜多克塑造了大部分的20世紀(jì)的希爾弗瑟姆，故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)文章第四段第五句可知，希爾弗瑟姆市政廳享譽(yù)世界，并被收錄入許多建筑學(xué)教科書里，故選C項(xiàng)。