四級英語考試閱讀指導（二）
尋讀，是指以問題為線索、帶著問題去尋找某一特定信息的閱讀。
對于四六級考試的快速閱讀來說，尋讀就是在讀過文章后面的題后，以題干中的某些詞為線索，到原文中去尋找出處的過程。由于快速閱讀對于內容的理解能力要求并不高，所以尋讀技能的高低直接影響著考生作題時間的長短。
所以，以什么詞為定位詞到原文中去查找是很關鍵的。
①題目順序基本與行文順序一致
解題技巧:一般情況下，快速閱讀的題目順序與原文的行文順序是保持一致的，也就是說，下一道題的出處一般位于前一道題出處后面。即使是存在反常情況的07年6月四級考試中，其總體的試題順序仍然是與文章的行文順序一致的。把握題目順序與行文順序一致的基本規律，將節省我們的尋讀時間。
②數字、年代
解題技巧1 數字和年代在文章中通常以阿拉伯叔祖的形式出現，在周圍都是英文字母的背景中就顯得比較突出。因此，如果考題中含有數字，往往可以用來快速定位題目的出處。
解題技巧2 數字和年代在文章中通常以阿拉伯數字的形式出現，但題干中可能對數字的形式有一定改動，如在數字的精確性和模糊性上變化。這時需要主義從邏輯關系上正確理解數字之間的包含與被包含關系。
③第一次出現的人名、地名等專有名詞
解題技巧 專有名詞以大寫字母開頭，在文章中顯得比較突出，容易尋找。但是如果通篇都是講與這個專有名詞有關的事情時，這個專有名詞有可能在全文中多次出現，而題目中也多次出現，這時就不建議用它來定位題目出處，而應該使用其他的定位詞。
【真題 1】
Early in the 20th century,most of the streets and roads in the U.S. were made of dirt,birck, and cedar wood blocks. Built for horse, carriage, and foot traffic, they were usually poorly cared for and too narrow to accommodate automobiles.
With the increase in auto production, private turnpikecompanies under loacl authorities began to spring up,and by 1921 there were 387,000 miles of paved orads. Many were built using specifications of 19th century Scottish engineers Thomas Telford and John Mac Adam , whose specifications stressed the importance of adequate drainage. Beyond that, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or commercial signs. During World War Ⅰ, roads throughout the country were nearly destroyed by the weight of trucks. When General Eisenhower returned from Germany in 1919, after serving in the U.S. Armys first transcontinental motor convoy, he noted: The old convoy had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germanys Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land.
Q1: National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921
Q2: General Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways made more sense than the two-lane highways of America
【真題 2】
The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century. To build its 44,000-mile web of highways, bridge, and tunnels, hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out. Consider the many geographic features of the country: mountains, steep grades, wetlands, rivers, desserts, and plains.
Q: It was in the 1950s that American government finally took action to build a national high way system.
【真題示例 1】答案解析
【解析1】根據1921可以快速、準確地定位到文章的第2段的開始。第一句說1921年時已經有38萬多公里的公路鋪設，許多使用的是兩位19世紀蘇格蘭工程師的技術參數。后面一句提到當時還沒有國家標準.所以題干表述錯誤，選N
【解析2】根據General Eisenhower或者German定位在文章第2段的后半部分。General Eisenhower先是夸耀了 two-lane highways的好，一個but之后指出德國高速公路的wisdom。說明General Eisenhower更欣賞德國的告訴公路。題干表述正確，選Y
【真題示例 2】答案解析
【解析】根據1950s可以快速準確地定位到本段第一句中。該句說，1956年時洲際告訴公路開始建設。題干中的1950s表示20世紀50年代，包含著1956年。題干說1950s開建是正確的。選Y
尋讀，是指以問題為線索、帶著問題去尋找某一特定信息的閱讀。
對于四六級考試的快速閱讀來說，尋讀就是在讀過文章后面的題后，以題干中的某些詞為線索，到原文中去尋找出處的過程。由于快速閱讀對于內容的理解能力要求并不高，所以尋讀技能的高低直接影響著考生作題時間的長短。
所以，以什么詞為定位詞到原文中去查找是很關鍵的。
①題目順序基本與行文順序一致
解題技巧:一般情況下，快速閱讀的題目順序與原文的行文順序是保持一致的，也就是說，下一道題的出處一般位于前一道題出處后面。即使是存在反常情況的07年6月四級考試中，其總體的試題順序仍然是與文章的行文順序一致的。把握題目順序與行文順序一致的基本規律，將節省我們的尋讀時間。
②數字、年代
解題技巧1 數字和年代在文章中通常以阿拉伯叔祖的形式出現，在周圍都是英文字母的背景中就顯得比較突出。因此，如果考題中含有數字，往往可以用來快速定位題目的出處。
解題技巧2 數字和年代在文章中通常以阿拉伯數字的形式出現，但題干中可能對數字的形式有一定改動，如在數字的精確性和模糊性上變化。這時需要主義從邏輯關系上正確理解數字之間的包含與被包含關系。
③第一次出現的人名、地名等專有名詞
解題技巧 專有名詞以大寫字母開頭，在文章中顯得比較突出，容易尋找。但是如果通篇都是講與這個專有名詞有關的事情時，這個專有名詞有可能在全文中多次出現，而題目中也多次出現，這時就不建議用它來定位題目出處，而應該使用其他的定位詞。
【真題 1】
Early in the 20th century,most of the streets and roads in the U.S. were made of dirt,birck, and cedar wood blocks. Built for horse, carriage, and foot traffic, they were usually poorly cared for and too narrow to accommodate automobiles.
With the increase in auto production, private turnpikecompanies under loacl authorities began to spring up,and by 1921 there were 387,000 miles of paved orads. Many were built using specifications of 19th century Scottish engineers Thomas Telford and John Mac Adam , whose specifications stressed the importance of adequate drainage. Beyond that, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or commercial signs. During World War Ⅰ, roads throughout the country were nearly destroyed by the weight of trucks. When General Eisenhower returned from Germany in 1919, after serving in the U.S. Armys first transcontinental motor convoy, he noted: The old convoy had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germanys Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land.
Q1: National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921
Q2: General Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways made more sense than the two-lane highways of America
【真題 2】
The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century. To build its 44,000-mile web of highways, bridge, and tunnels, hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out. Consider the many geographic features of the country: mountains, steep grades, wetlands, rivers, desserts, and plains.
Q: It was in the 1950s that American government finally took action to build a national high way system.
【真題示例 1】答案解析
【解析1】根據1921可以快速、準確地定位到文章的第2段的開始。第一句說1921年時已經有38萬多公里的公路鋪設，許多使用的是兩位19世紀蘇格蘭工程師的技術參數。后面一句提到當時還沒有國家標準.所以題干表述錯誤，選N
【解析2】根據General Eisenhower或者German定位在文章第2段的后半部分。General Eisenhower先是夸耀了 two-lane highways的好，一個but之后指出德國高速公路的wisdom。說明General Eisenhower更欣賞德國的告訴公路。題干表述正確，選Y
【真題示例 2】答案解析
【解析】根據1950s可以快速準確地定位到本段第一句中。該句說，1956年時洲際告訴公路開始建設。題干中的1950s表示20世紀50年代，包含著1956年。題干說1950s開建是正確的。選Y
