大學(xué)英語四六級語法的試題虛擬語氣詳解資料

　　大學(xué)英語四六級語法試題虛擬語氣詳解資料 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣

　　第一節(jié)：賓語從句中的虛擬語氣

　　一、在動詞wish后的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣

　　在動詞wish后的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣，常省去賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that。

　　一)、對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：

　　從句用過去式或過去進(jìn)行式。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：賓語從句的謂語be和were，實(shí)義動詞用過去式。例：

　　1. I wish I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道這個答案。

　　2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.但愿我的家鄉(xiāng)四季如春。

　　3. I wish I were a bird.但愿我是只小鳥。

　　4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.

　　5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.

　　現(xiàn)在他在中國，他希望能懂得中文。

　　6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.

　　二)、對過去情況的虛擬：

　　用wish表示對過去事情的遺憾。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：賓語從句的謂語用過去完成時，或would, could, might+現(xiàn)在完成時。例：

　　1. I wish I hadnt wasted so much time.

　　我后悔不該浪費(fèi)這么多時間。

　　2. He wishes he hadnt lost the chance.

　　他真希望沒有失去機(jī)會。

　　3. We wished he had spoken to us.

　　4. I wish you had called earlier.

　　5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner.

　　例題分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.

　　A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept

　　動詞wish后面接從句，表達(dá)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或與事實(shí)相反的情況時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，即用過去式或過去完成式。本題后半句謂語動詞have用的是過去時had

　　to get up and come, 所以前面要用過去完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作。所以, 選項A)could have slept是答案

　　三)、對將來情況的虛擬：

　　從句動詞would/should/could/might + 動詞原形。用wish表示對將來事情的愿望。例：

　　1. I wish it would stop raining.

　　我希望雨能停止。

　　2. I wish you would be quiet.

　　我希望你安靜一些。

　　3. You wished she would arrive the next day.

　　你希望她第二天會到。

　　4. I wish she would change her mind.

　　我希望她會改變主意。

　　5. He will wish we would join him the following week.

　　大學(xué)英語四六級語法試題虛擬語氣詳解資料 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣

　　第一節(jié)：賓語從句中的虛擬語氣

　　一、在動詞wish后的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣

　　在動詞wish后的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣，常省去賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that。

　　一)、對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：

　　從句用過去式或過去進(jìn)行式。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：賓語從句的謂語be和were，實(shí)義動詞用過去式。例：

　　1. I wish I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道這個答案。

　　2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.但愿我的家鄉(xiāng)四季如春。

　　3. I wish I were a bird.但愿我是只小鳥。

　　4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.

　　5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.

　　現(xiàn)在他在中國，他希望能懂得中文。

　　6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.

　　二)、對過去情況的虛擬：

　　用wish表示對過去事情的遺憾。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：賓語從句的謂語用過去完成時，或would, could, might+現(xiàn)在完成時。例：

　　1. I wish I hadnt wasted so much time.

　　我后悔不該浪費(fèi)這么多時間。

　　2. He wishes he hadnt lost the chance.

　　他真希望沒有失去機(jī)會。

　　3. We wished he had spoken to us.

　　4. I wish you had called earlier.

　　5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner.

　　例題分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.

　　A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept

　　動詞wish后面接從句，表達(dá)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或與事實(shí)相反的情況時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，即用過去式或過去完成式。本題后半句謂語動詞have用的是過去時had

　　to get up and come, 所以前面要用過去完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作。所以, 選項A)could have slept是答案

　　三)、對將來情況的虛擬：

　　從句動詞would/should/could/might + 動詞原形。用wish表示對將來事情的愿望。例：

　　1. I wish it would stop raining.

　　我希望雨能停止。

　　2. I wish you would be quiet.

　　我希望你安靜一些。

　　3. You wished she would arrive the next day.

　　你希望她第二天會到。

　　4. I wish she would change her mind.

　　我希望她會改變主意。

　　5. He will wish we would join him the following week.