2024年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案：介詞
主要介詞區(qū)別
1．表示時(shí)間的at，in，on：
at表示片刻的時(shí)間，如：at 8 a.m. 常用詞組有：at dawn, at noon，at night，at midnight，at the end of，at that time，
at Christmas，at New Year等。
in表示一段的時(shí)間，如：in the morning/afternoon/evening，in October，in 1998，in the 21st century, in summer, in the past, in the future等。
on指特定的日子，時(shí)間：on Monday，on Christmas Eve, on May Day，on a warm morning, on September 12, on that day等。
2．表示時(shí)間的since和from：
since “自從…以來(lái)”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)連用。
from “自…起”，一般多與現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)連用。如：I hope to do morning exercises from today./We have not seen each other since 1995．
3．表示時(shí)間的in和after：
in+時(shí)間段，一般用于將來(lái)時(shí)。如：We' II be back in three days.
after+時(shí)間段，一般用于過(guò)去時(shí)。如： After two months he returned.
注意：after+時(shí)間點(diǎn),可用于過(guò)去時(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)。如：After seven the rain began to fall. / What shall we do after
graduation?
4．表示方位的in，on，to：
in表示 “在…內(nèi)”， Beijing is in the north of China.
on指 “與…接壤，在河/江畔”， Korea lies on the east of China
to指在境外某方向，只強(qiáng)調(diào)方向Japan lies to the east of China．
5．表示“在……上”的on和in：
on只表示在某物的表面上，如：There is a book on the piece of paper.
in表示占去某物一部分，如： There is an interesting article in the newspaper. / He dug a hole in the wall.
6．表示“穿過(guò)……”的through, over和across：
through 指在內(nèi)部穿過(guò)，
across則指在表面上的橫穿，
over指在上方過(guò)去，跨越。如：The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys, till at last it reaches the sea.
7．In the end，at the end of，by the end of
in the end意為“最后”、“終于”； 如： In the end they reached a place of safety
at the end of表示“在…末梢”，“到…盡頭”，既可指時(shí)間，也可以指地上或物體；如：
At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden.
They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week.
by the end of作“到…末為止”解，只能指時(shí)間，如：By the end of last month he had finished the novel.
8．between，among：
between一般表示兩者之間。如：You are to sit between your father and me
among用于三者或三者以上的中間。如：. The girl quickly disappeared among the crowd.
注意：有時(shí)雖然是三個(gè)以上的人或東西，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)兩兩相互間接關(guān)系，仍用between。如：Agreements were made between the different countries. 在談事物間的差別時(shí)，總是用between。如：They don’t know the difference between wheat, oats and barley．
9．besides，except，but，except for：
besides指“除了……還有”。如：Two foreign teachers were present at the meeting besides Smith．；
except指“除…外”，不能放在句首。如：We go to school every day except Sunday．
but與except意思相近, 常用在no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything ,no等詞和其他疑問(wèn)詞后面。如：Who but a fool would do such a thing? except for表示“如無(wú)……就，只是”表明理由細(xì)節(jié)。如：His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
10．表示用工具和手段的by, in, with：
by表用工具(by train / land / hand / email…)或手段(by reading…)，其后的名詞前不帶冠詞；
with表用工具(with a pencil / our eyes)，其后的名詞多被冠詞、物主代詞修飾；
in表示用材料、方式、方法、度量、單位、語(yǔ)言、聲音等(in pencil/English/a low voice…)
11．a(chǎn)s，like：
as指身份、資格，意為“作為”。 如：Let me speak to you as a father.(事實(shí)是父親)
like作“象……一樣”解。如：Let me speak to you like a father．(事實(shí)上不是父親)。
12．a(chǎn)s, with都有“隨著…”之意。
as為連詞，后接從句。如：As the day went on, the weather got worse
with為介詞，后接名詞或代詞。. 如：With spring coming on, the weather gets warmer.
實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練
一、 介詞比較精練，用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空
1. 1) __________ the night of May 4th, my good friend left for Canada.
2) __________ night you can see the stars twinkle in the sky.
3) __________ Sunday morning/a cold morning Marie was woken up by a loud noise.
4) __________ the morning she often has milk and some bread for breakfast.
5) __________ the 1970s we had a hard time.
2. 1) Kate is writing __________ a friend of hers.
2) Kate is writing __________ a piece of paper.
3) Kate is writing __________ blue ink.
4) Kate is writing __________ a piece of chalk on the blackboard.
5) Kate is writing a letter __________ an old man who can’t write.
3. 1) We all passed the exam ________ the end.
2) We had finished learning five books __________ the end of last term.
3) We will hold a party ___________ the end of this term.
4. 1) The apples ________ the tree are ripe.
2) The birds _________ the tree are singing merrily.
3) There is a map of China _________ the back wall.
4) There is a small hole ____________ the wall.
5. 1) China lies __________ the west of Japan.
2) Canada lies _________ the north of the USA.
3) Canada lies _________ the north of North America.
6. 1) He can do everything __________ cooking.
2) He can speak two other languages __________ English.
3) He did nothing _________ watch TV all day.
4) The road was empty _________ _________ several cars at that time.
7. 1) The man tried to walk __________ the big rock.
2) The man walked __________ the road and got on a bus.
3) The man saw some beautiful birds when walking __________ the woods.
8. 1) There is no secret _________ you and me.
2) You are the tallest ___________ my friends.
3) There is a break ____________ classes.
9. 1) ________ time passed, things seemed to get worse.
2) _______ time going by, he knows more and more.
10. 1) He will leave for Korea _________ three days.
2) He went to Beijing and returned ___________ three days.
3) He will be back ___________ 3 p.m.
4) He has lived in Paris __________ three years ago.
5) It kept raining heavily ___________ Monday _________ Wednesday.
二、 精典考題
1. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank _______ a chair.
A. on?????????
B. off????????
C. into?????????????
D. to
2. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ____ the back door.
A. for
B. by
C. across
D. out
3. A great man shows his greatness ________ the way he treats little men.
A. under
B. with
C. on
D. by
4. I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and___the point.
A. at
B. on
C. to
D. of
5 Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing _________ a stepping-stone to future success.
A. to
B. for
C. as
D. by
6.（2008陜西，19）Elizabeth has already achieved success ___ her wildest dreams.
A. at
B. beyond
C. within
D. upon
.（2008上海，25）The two sportsmen congratulated each other ______ winning the match by shaking hands.
A. with
B. on
C. in
D. to
主要介詞區(qū)別
1．表示時(shí)間的at，in，on：
at表示片刻的時(shí)間，如：at 8 a.m. 常用詞組有：at dawn, at noon，at night，at midnight，at the end of，at that time，
at Christmas，at New Year等。
in表示一段的時(shí)間，如：in the morning/afternoon/evening，in October，in 1998，in the 21st century, in summer, in the past, in the future等。
on指特定的日子，時(shí)間：on Monday，on Christmas Eve, on May Day，on a warm morning, on September 12, on that day等。
2．表示時(shí)間的since和from：
since “自從…以來(lái)”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)連用。
from “自…起”，一般多與現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)連用。如：I hope to do morning exercises from today./We have not seen each other since 1995．
3．表示時(shí)間的in和after：
in+時(shí)間段，一般用于將來(lái)時(shí)。如：We' II be back in three days.
after+時(shí)間段，一般用于過(guò)去時(shí)。如： After two months he returned.
注意：after+時(shí)間點(diǎn),可用于過(guò)去時(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)。如：After seven the rain began to fall. / What shall we do after
graduation?
4．表示方位的in，on，to：
in表示 “在…內(nèi)”， Beijing is in the north of China.
on指 “與…接壤，在河/江畔”， Korea lies on the east of China
to指在境外某方向，只強(qiáng)調(diào)方向Japan lies to the east of China．
5．表示“在……上”的on和in：
on只表示在某物的表面上，如：There is a book on the piece of paper.
in表示占去某物一部分，如： There is an interesting article in the newspaper. / He dug a hole in the wall.
6．表示“穿過(guò)……”的through, over和across：
through 指在內(nèi)部穿過(guò)，
across則指在表面上的橫穿，
over指在上方過(guò)去，跨越。如：The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys, till at last it reaches the sea.
7．In the end，at the end of，by the end of
in the end意為“最后”、“終于”； 如： In the end they reached a place of safety
at the end of表示“在…末梢”，“到…盡頭”，既可指時(shí)間，也可以指地上或物體；如：
At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden.
They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week.
by the end of作“到…末為止”解，只能指時(shí)間，如：By the end of last month he had finished the novel.
8．between，among：
between一般表示兩者之間。如：You are to sit between your father and me
among用于三者或三者以上的中間。如：. The girl quickly disappeared among the crowd.
注意：有時(shí)雖然是三個(gè)以上的人或東西，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)兩兩相互間接關(guān)系，仍用between。如：Agreements were made between the different countries. 在談事物間的差別時(shí)，總是用between。如：They don’t know the difference between wheat, oats and barley．
9．besides，except，but，except for：
besides指“除了……還有”。如：Two foreign teachers were present at the meeting besides Smith．；
except指“除…外”，不能放在句首。如：We go to school every day except Sunday．
but與except意思相近, 常用在no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything ,no等詞和其他疑問(wèn)詞后面。如：Who but a fool would do such a thing? except for表示“如無(wú)……就，只是”表明理由細(xì)節(jié)。如：His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
10．表示用工具和手段的by, in, with：
by表用工具(by train / land / hand / email…)或手段(by reading…)，其后的名詞前不帶冠詞；
with表用工具(with a pencil / our eyes)，其后的名詞多被冠詞、物主代詞修飾；
in表示用材料、方式、方法、度量、單位、語(yǔ)言、聲音等(in pencil/English/a low voice…)
11．a(chǎn)s，like：
as指身份、資格，意為“作為”。 如：Let me speak to you as a father.(事實(shí)是父親)
like作“象……一樣”解。如：Let me speak to you like a father．(事實(shí)上不是父親)。
12．a(chǎn)s, with都有“隨著…”之意。
as為連詞，后接從句。如：As the day went on, the weather got worse
with為介詞，后接名詞或代詞。. 如：With spring coming on, the weather gets warmer.
實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練
一、 介詞比較精練，用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空
1. 1) __________ the night of May 4th, my good friend left for Canada.
2) __________ night you can see the stars twinkle in the sky.
3) __________ Sunday morning/a cold morning Marie was woken up by a loud noise.
4) __________ the morning she often has milk and some bread for breakfast.
5) __________ the 1970s we had a hard time.
2. 1) Kate is writing __________ a friend of hers.
2) Kate is writing __________ a piece of paper.
3) Kate is writing __________ blue ink.
4) Kate is writing __________ a piece of chalk on the blackboard.
5) Kate is writing a letter __________ an old man who can’t write.
3. 1) We all passed the exam ________ the end.
2) We had finished learning five books __________ the end of last term.
3) We will hold a party ___________ the end of this term.
4. 1) The apples ________ the tree are ripe.
2) The birds _________ the tree are singing merrily.
3) There is a map of China _________ the back wall.
4) There is a small hole ____________ the wall.
5. 1) China lies __________ the west of Japan.
2) Canada lies _________ the north of the USA.
3) Canada lies _________ the north of North America.
6. 1) He can do everything __________ cooking.
2) He can speak two other languages __________ English.
3) He did nothing _________ watch TV all day.
4) The road was empty _________ _________ several cars at that time.
7. 1) The man tried to walk __________ the big rock.
2) The man walked __________ the road and got on a bus.
3) The man saw some beautiful birds when walking __________ the woods.
8. 1) There is no secret _________ you and me.
2) You are the tallest ___________ my friends.
3) There is a break ____________ classes.
9. 1) ________ time passed, things seemed to get worse.
2) _______ time going by, he knows more and more.
10. 1) He will leave for Korea _________ three days.
2) He went to Beijing and returned ___________ three days.
3) He will be back ___________ 3 p.m.
4) He has lived in Paris __________ three years ago.
5) It kept raining heavily ___________ Monday _________ Wednesday.
二、 精典考題
1. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank _______ a chair.
A. on?????????
B. off????????
C. into?????????????
D. to
2. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ____ the back door.
A. for
B. by
C. across
D. out
3. A great man shows his greatness ________ the way he treats little men.
A. under
B. with
C. on
D. by
4. I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and___the point.
A. at
B. on
C. to
D. of
5 Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing _________ a stepping-stone to future success.
A. to
B. for
C. as
D. by
6.（2008陜西，19）Elizabeth has already achieved success ___ her wildest dreams.
A. at
B. beyond
C. within
D. upon
.（2008上海，25）The two sportsmen congratulated each other ______ winning the match by shaking hands.
A. with
B. on
C. in
D. to
