重慶市2024高考英語閱讀理解選編（120）（附解析）?

　　閱讀理解。

　　An “apple polisher” is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment. It is not exactly a bribe(賄賂), but is close to it.

　　All sorts of people are “apple polishers”， including politicians and people in high offices—just about everybody. Oliver Cromwell, the great English leader, offered many gifts to win the support of George Fox and his party, but failed.

　　There are other phrases meaning the same thing as ?applepolishing?—?softsoaping? or ?butteringup?. A gift is just one way to ?softsoap? somebody, or to “butter him up”. Another that is just as effective is flattery, giving someone high praise—telling him how good he looks, or how well he speaks, or how talented and wise he is.

　　Endless are the ways of flattery. Who does not love to hear it? Only an unusual man can resist the thrill of being told how wonderful he is. In truth, flattery is good medicine for most of us, who get so little of it.

　　We need it to be more sure of ourselves. It cannot hurt unless we get carried away by it. But if we just lap it up for its good value and nourishment, as a cat laps up milk, then we can still remain true to ourselves.

　　Sometimes, however, flattery will get you nothing from one who has had too much of it. A good example is the famous 12th century legend of King Canute of Denmark and England. The king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣). They overpraised him to the skies, as a man of limitless might.

　　He decided to teach them a lesson. He took them to the seashore and sat down. Then he ordered the waves to stop coming in. The tide was too busy to listen to him. The king was satisfied. This might show his followers how weak his power was and how empty their flattery was.

　　1．Which of the following activities has nothing to do with “applepolishing”？

　　A．A boy tells his girlfriend how pretty she looks.

　　B．An employee tells her boss how good he is at management.

　　C．A knight is said to be of limitless power by his followers.

　　D．A teacher praises her students for their talent and wisdom.

　　2．What does the writer want to prove with Cromwell's example?

　　A．Everybody can be an apple polisher.

　　B．Cromwell was not a good apple polisher.

　　C．George Fox and his party were not apple polishers.

　　D．There are people who don't like being applepolished.

　　3．Which of the following statements about flattery is TRUE according to the author?

　　A．Too much flattery can carry us away.

　　B．Flattery is too empty to do people any good.

　　C．Flattery can get you nothing but excessive(過度的) pride.

　　D．Flattery is one of the ways to applepolished people.

　　4．Why did King Canute of Denmark and England take his followers to the seashore?

　　A．Because he was sick of his normal life.

　　B．Because he disliked being overpraised any more.

　　C．Because he wanted them to realize how wise he was.

　　D．Because he wanted them to see how weak he was as a king.

　　5．Who does the author think that flattery can do good to?

　　A．Those who are politicians or in high offices.

　　B．Those who lack confidence.

　　C．Those who are really excellent.

　　D．Those who think highly of themselves.

　　【要點綜述】本文論述了現代社會存在的一個普遍現象，人們往往為了自己的一點兒利益去送禮或者說一些阿諛奉承的話，當然有時即使這樣做了也未必就能實現自己的愿望。

　　1．D　推理判斷題。根據“An ‘apple polisher’ is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment.”可知，一個老師表揚學生并不是想得到什么好處。故選D項。

　　2．A　細節理解題。根據“All sorts of people are ‘apple polishers’，including politicians and people in high offices—just about everybody.Oliver Cromwell，the great English leader，offered many gifts to win the support of George Fox and his party，but failed.”可知，高層的領導者也有拍馬屁的人，可以想象每個人都可能是這種人。故選A項。

　　3．D　細節理解題。根據“An ‘apple polisher’ is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment.”和“A gift is just one way to ‘softsoap’ somebody，or to ‘butter him up’．Another that is just as effective is flattery…”可知選D項。

　　4．B　細節理解題。根據“The king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣)．”可知國王厭煩了朝臣們的阿諛奉承，故選B項。

　　5．B　細節理解題。根據“In truth， flattery is good medicine for most of us，who get so little of it.We need it to be more sure of ourselves.It cannot hurt unless we get carried away by it.”可知，對于缺乏自信的人來說，奉承是有好處的。故選B項。

　　閱讀理解When Frida Kahlo's paintings were on show in London，a poet described her paintings as“ a ribbon (絲帶)around a bomb”．Such comments seem to suggest Kahlo had a big influence on the art world of her time.Sadly，she is actually a much_bigger_name today than she was during her time.

　　Born in 1907 in a village near Mexico City ，Kahlo suffered from polio(小兒麻痹癥)at the age of seven.Her spine (脊柱)became bent as she grew older.Then，in 1925，her back was broken in several places in a school-bus accident.Throughout the rest of her life，the artist had many operations，but nothing was able to cure the terrible pain in her back.However，the accident had an unexpected side effect.While lying in her bed recovering，Kahlo taught herself to paint.

　　In 1929，she got married to Diego Rivera，another famous Mexican artist.Rivera's strong influences on Kahlo's style can be seen in her early works，but her later works from the 1940s，known today as her best works，show less influence from her husband.

　　Unfortunately，her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and 1940s，even in her home country.Her first one-woman show in Mexico was not held until 1953.For more than a decade after her death in 1954，Kahlo's works remained largely unnoticed by the world，but in the 1970s her works began to gain international fame at last.

　　弗里達·卡洛是一位畫家，她的作品還有藝術影響力，但是她的名氣在現在比她當時的時代要大得多。

　　1．What does the phrase“a much bigger name”in Paragraph 1 most nearly mean?

　　A．a far better artist

　　B．a far more gifted artist

　　C．a much stronger person

　　D．a much more famous person

　　答案：D　詞義理解題。說句話說道卡洛對她那時期的世界藝術有很大的影響，故此處的“a much bigger name”是指她的影響力或者名聲。

　　2．The terrible pain Kahlo suffered was caused by

　　________.

　　A．polio

　　B．her bent spine

　　C．back injuries

　　D．the operations she had

　　答案： C　細節理解題。根據第二段的第二句“Then，in 1925，her back was broken in several places in a school-bus accident.”以及第三句的“but noting was able to cure the terrible pain in her back”可知答案。

　　3．Kahlo's style had become increasingly independent since the

　　________.

　　A．1930s

　　B．1940s

　　C．1950s

　　D．1970s

　　答案：B　細節理解題。由第三段的最后一句“her later works from the 1940s，known today as her best works，show less influence from her husband”可知，從1940s她的作品才漸漸獨立。

　　4. What is author's attitude toward Kahlo?

　　A．Devotion.

　　B．Sympathy.

　　C．Worry.

　　D．Encouragement.

　　答案：B　推理判斷題。根據第一段的“sadly”和最后一段的“unfortunately”可知作者對卡洛持同情的態度。

　　（2024高考訓練）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的選項中選出最佳選項。“OK，” I said to my daughter as she bent over her afternoon bowl of rice.“What's going on with you and your friend J．？” J．is the leader of a group of third－graders at her camp—a position Lucy herself occupied the previous summer.

　　Now she's__the__one__on__the__outs，and every day at snack time，she tells me all about it，while I offer the unhelpful advice all summer long.

　　“She's fond of giving orders，” Lucy complained.“She's turning everyone against me.She's mean.She's bad at math.She's terrible at kickball.And she's fat.”“Excuse me，”I said，struggling for calm.“What did you just say？”“She's fat，” Lucy mumbled(含糊地說)into her bowl.“We are going upstairs，” I said，my voice cold，“We are going to discuss this.” And up we went.

　　I'd spent the nine years since her birth getting ready for this day，the day we'd have to have the conversation about this horrible word.I knew exactly what to say to the girl on the receiving end of the teasing(嘲笑)，but in all of my imaginings，it never once occurred to me that my daughter would be the one who used the F word—Fat.

　　My daughter sat on her bed，and I sat beside her.“How would you feel if someone made fun of you for something that wasn't your fault？”I began.“She could stop eating so much，”Lucy mumbled，mouthing the simple advice a thousand doctors and well－meaning friends and relatives have given overweight women for years.

　　“It's not always that easy，”I said.“Everyone's different in terms of how they treat food.” Lucy looked at me，waiting for me to go on.I opened my mouth，then closed it.Should I tell her that，in teasing a woman's weight，she's joined the long，proud tradition of critics who go after any woman with whom they disagree by starting with “you're ugly” and ending with“no man would want you and there must be something wrong with any man who does”？Should I tell her I didn't cry when someone posted my picture and commented，“I'm sorry，but aren't authors who write books marketed to young women supposed to be pretty？”？

　　Does she need to know，now，that life isn't fair? I feel her eyes on me，waiting for an answer I don't have.Words are my tools.Stories are my job.It's possible she'll remember what I say forever，and I have no idea what to say.

　　So I tell her the only thing I can come up with that is absolutely true.I say to my daughter，“I love you，and there is nothing you could ever do to make me not love you.But I'm disappointed in you right now.There are plenty of reasons for not liking someone.What she looks like isn't one of them.”

　　Lucy nods，tears on her cheeks.“I won't say that again，”she tells me，and I pull her close，pressing my nose against her hair.We are both quiet，and I don't know if I have said the right thing.So as we sit there together，shoulder to shoulder，I pray for her to be smart.I pray for her to be strong.I pray for her to find friends，work she loves，a partner who loves her，and for the world not to deprive(剝奪)her of the things that make her who she is，for her life to be easy，and for her to have the strength to handle it when it's not.And still，always，I pray that she will never struggle as I've struggled，that weight will never be her cross to bear.She may not be able to use the word in our home，but I can use it in my head.I pray that she will never get fat.

　　【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。聽到女兒使用粗魯的語言評論別人，這使“我”感到非常震驚。通過與女兒交流，“我”用自己的成長

　　1．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 indicates that Lucy________．

　　A．often makes fun of her friend J.

　　B．has turned against her friend J.

　　C．gets along well with her friend J.

　　D．has begun to compete with her friend J.

　　答案　B　

　　．Why does the author want to discuss with Lucy?

　　A．Because she wants to offer some other helpful advice.

　　B．Because she has prepared the conversation for nine years.

　　C．Because she is really shocked at Lucy's rudeness.

　　D．Because she decides to tell Lucy a similar story of her own.

　　答案　C　

　　．What does the author want to tell her daughter?

　　A．It is not easy to take the doctors' advice to eat less.

　　B．People shouldn't complain because life is unfair.

　　C．She herself was once laughed at for her appearance.

　　D．People shouldn't be blamed for their appearance.

　　答案　D　

　　．It can be inferred from the passage that________．

　　A．the author earns a living by writing stories

　　B．the author is a fat but good－looking woman

　　C．the author will stop loving her daughter for what she said

　　D．the author's daughter agreed with her from the very beginning

　　答案　A　

　　5．We can learn from the last paragraph that________．

　　A．Lucy was deeply moved by her mother's prayer

　　B．a mother's prayer will shape her daughter's attitude towards life

　　C．the author allows her daughter to use the F word in her head

　　D．the author hopes her daughter will never have weight trouble

　　答案　D　

　　6．The author's attitude towards her daughter can be best described as________．

　　A．loving but strict

　　B．indifferent but patient

　　C．satisfied and friendly

　　D．unsatisfied and angry

　　答案　A　

　　—主旨大意題、標題概括題。

　　(2024年河南焦作調研)

　　What's your idea of a good time? What about dancing in a rainy field with one hundred and fifty thousand other people while a famous rock band plays on a stage so far away that the performers look like ants?

　　It may sound strange but that is what many hundreds of thousands of young people in the UK do every summer. Why ? Because summer is the time for outdoor music festivals.

　　Held on a farm, the time Glastonbury Festival is the most well-know and popular in the UK. It began in 1970 and was attended by one thousand five hundred people each paying an admission price of ￡1 including free milk from the farm.

　　Since then the Glastonbury Festival has gone from strength to strength—in 2004 one hundred and fifty thousand fans attended, paying ￡112 for tickets to the three-day event. Tickets for the event sold out within three hours. Acts included veteran superstars such as Paul McCartney and James Brown, as well as new talent, like Franz Ferdinand and Joss Stone. Although many summer festivals are run on a profit-making basis, Glastonbury is a charity event, donating millions of pounds to local and international charities.

　　Glastonbury is not unique in using live music to raise money for global poverty. In July of this year, the Live 8 concerts will be held simultaneously in London, Paris, Rome and Berlin. Superstars such as Madonna, Sir Elton John and Stevie Wonder will perform in order to highlight international poverty and debt.

　　What does the author mean by saying “the Glastonbury Festival has gone from strength to strength” in the fourth paragraph?

　　The festival has achieved growing success.

　　Great efforts have been made to hold the festival.

　　The festival has brought in a large amount of money

　　There have been thousands of fans attending the festival.

　　Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　The Glastonbury Festival is run on a profit-making basis.

　　Tickets for the 2004 Glastonbury Festival were in great demand despite the high price.

　　Both James Brown and Joss Stone were born in poor families.

　　In the 1970 Glastonbury Festival, one could have lunch on the farm for free.

　　We can learn from the last paragraph that

　　The Glastonbury Festival is not so popular as the Live 8 concerts

　　The Live 8 concerts are held every year in London.

　　London, Pares, Rome and Berlin are famous for outdoor music festivals